{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411408300","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2025.3580889","title":"Rotatable Antennas for Integrated Sensing and Communications","display_name":"Rotatable Antennas for Integrated Sensing and Communications","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411408300","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2025.3580889"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2025.3580889","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2025.3580889","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102893278","display_name":"Chao Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9745-3005"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3045169105","display_name":"Southern University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/049tv2d57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chao Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber and Cable Manufacture Technology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China","Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber and Cable Manufacture Technology, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber and Cable Manufacture Technology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber and Cable Manufacture Technology, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010397043","display_name":"Changsheng You","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3245-9361"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3045169105","display_name":"Southern University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/049tv2d57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changsheng You","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber and Cable Manufacture Technology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China","Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber and Cable Manufacture Technology, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber and Cable Manufacture Technology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber and Cable Manufacture Technology, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076085397","display_name":"Beixiong Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2374-9263"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Beixiong Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Microelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Microelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007320479","display_name":"Xiaodan Shao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3249-8045"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaodan Shao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100422102","display_name":"Rui Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8729-8393"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099586","display_name":"Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data","ror":"https://ror.org/00z1gwf89","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099586"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116924","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen","ror":"https://ror.org/02d5ks197","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633","https://openalex.org/I180726961","https://openalex.org/I4210116924"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China","Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116924","https://openalex.org/I4210099586"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116924","https://openalex.org/I4210099586"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102893278"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":55.5194,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99796362,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"9","first_page":"2838","last_page":"2842"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9810000061988831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/directional-antenna","display_name":"Directional antenna","score":0.5821822881698608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5808255672454834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.4163539409637451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.34562772512435913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3265197277069092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.2642285227775574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1475403904914856}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64671776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q769152","display_name":"Directional antenna","level":3,"score":0.5821822881698608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5808255672454834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.4163539409637451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.34562772512435913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3265197277069092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.2642285227775574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1475403904914856}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2025.3580889","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2025.3580889","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.6800000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2475529591","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024A1515010097","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","funder_display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2615182416","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024ZYGXZR087","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3689351376","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62201214","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5766078801","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62201242","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7109849542","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023A1515011753","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321921","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321921","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2493569091","https://openalex.org/W3005476696","https://openalex.org/W3107232831","https://openalex.org/W4205204500","https://openalex.org/W4214867678","https://openalex.org/W4399665700","https://openalex.org/W4401717705","https://openalex.org/W4403210464","https://openalex.org/W4404307132","https://openalex.org/W4406689889","https://openalex.org/W4406948532","https://openalex.org/W4407949602","https://openalex.org/W4408016736"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,77],"letter,":[2],"we":[3,35,79,109,128],"propose":[4],"to":[5,15,41,88,141,169],"deploy":[6],"rotatable":[7],"antennas":[8,178],"(RAs)":[9],"at":[10,72],"the":[11,44,52,63,68,73,116,132,147,150,171],"base":[12],"station":[13],"(BS)":[14],"enhance":[16],"both":[17],"communication":[18,48,143],"and":[19,50,67,95,122,182],"sensing":[20,162,181],"(C&S)":[21],"performance,":[22],"by":[23,31,60,114,157],"exploiting":[24],"a":[25,37],"new":[26],"spatial":[27,152],"degree-of-freedom":[28],"(DoF)":[29],"offered":[30],"array":[32,69,100],"rotation.":[33],"Specifically,":[34],"formulate":[36],"multi-objective":[38],"optimization":[39,94],"problem":[40,91,98],"simultaneously":[42],"maximize":[43],"sum-rate":[45],"of":[46,174],"multiple":[47],"users":[49],"minimize":[51],"Cram\u00e9r-Rao":[53],"bound":[54],"(CRB)":[55],"for":[56,92,99,131,146,159],"target":[57],"angle":[58,71],"estimation,":[59],"jointly":[61],"optimizing":[62],"transmit":[64],"beamforming":[65,93],"vectors":[66],"rotation":[70,101,139],"BS.":[74],"To":[75],"solve":[76],"problem,":[78],"first":[80],"equivalently":[81],"decompose":[82],"it":[83],"into":[84],"two":[85,105],"subproblems,":[86],"corresponding":[87],"an":[89,96,137],"inner":[90],"outer":[97],"optimization.":[102],"Although":[103],"these":[104],"subproblems":[106],"are":[107,167],"non-convex,":[108],"obtain":[110],"their":[111],"high-quality":[112],"solutions":[113],"applying":[115],"block":[117],"coordinate":[118],"descent":[119],"(BCD)":[120],"technique":[121],"one-dimensional":[123],"exhaustive":[124],"search,":[125],"respectively.":[126],"Moreover,":[127],"show":[129],"that":[130],"communication-only":[133],"case,":[134,149],"RAs":[135,158,175],"provide":[136],"additional":[138],"gain":[140],"improve":[142],"performance;":[144],"while":[145],"sensing-only":[148],"equivalent":[151],"aperture":[153],"can":[154],"be":[155],"enlarged":[156],"achieving":[160],"higher":[161],"accuracy.":[163],"Finally,":[164],"numerical":[165],"results":[166],"presented":[168],"showcase":[170],"performance":[172],"gains":[173],"over":[176],"fixed-rotation":[177],"in":[179],"integrated":[180],"communications":[183],"(ISAC).":[184]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-04-12T07:58:50.170612","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}