{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405717855","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2024.3520995","title":"Generative AI as a Service in 6G Edge-Cloud: Generation Task Offloading by In-Context Learning","display_name":"Generative AI as a Service in 6G Edge-Cloud: Generation Task Offloading by In-Context Learning","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405717855","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2024.3520995"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2024.3520995","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2024.3520995","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080850676","display_name":"Hao Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5511-4609"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5511-4609","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038612451","display_name":"Chengming Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1099-0736"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chengming Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1099-0736","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111279835","display_name":"Dun Yuan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dun Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9472-024X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ye Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3288-247X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ye Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3288-247X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022267948","display_name":"Di Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7419-9903"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Di Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7419-9903","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100372152","display_name":"Xue Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5252-3442"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xue Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5252-3442","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063667378","display_name":"Zhu Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6606-5822"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhu Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6606-5822","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032922993","display_name":"Jianzhong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9775-2783"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101778","display_name":"Samsung (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01bfbvm65","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133173","display_name":"Research!America (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/044pgyv50","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133173"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianzhong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Standards and Mobility Innovation Laboratory, Samsung Research America, Plano, TX, USA","Samsung Research America, Plano, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9775-2783","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Standards and Mobility Innovation Laboratory, Samsung Research America, Plano, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101778","https://openalex.org/I4210133173"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Research America, Plano, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2495,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2495},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.6349,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95278271,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"3","first_page":"711","last_page":"715"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":0.9527999758720398,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9524000287055969,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7912818193435669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.7545027732849121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6608866453170776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5913059115409851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.5602474808692932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.5010275840759277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.47587981820106506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-model","display_name":"Generative model","score":0.4188213348388672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.407863974571228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3703992962837219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.35097363591194153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.0949522852897644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.08525338768959045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08332589268684387}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7912818193435669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.7545027732849121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6608866453170776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5913059115409851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.5602474808692932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.5010275840759277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.47587981820106506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.4188213348388672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.407863974571228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3703992962837219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.35097363591194153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0949522852897644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.08525338768959045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08332589268684387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2024.3520995","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2024.3520995","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2971564397","https://openalex.org/W4391621125","https://openalex.org/W4396668654","https://openalex.org/W4397000731","https://openalex.org/W4400679943","https://openalex.org/W4402742293","https://openalex.org/W4404782964","https://openalex.org/W4405784845","https://openalex.org/W6859180420"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4365211920","https://openalex.org/W3014948380","https://openalex.org/W4391584540","https://openalex.org/W4380551139","https://openalex.org/W4324372666","https://openalex.org/W4317695495","https://openalex.org/W4395044357","https://openalex.org/W4287117424","https://openalex.org/W4387506531","https://openalex.org/W4225706866"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Generative":[0],"artificial":[1],"intelligence":[2],"(GAI)":[3],"is":[4],"a":[5,32,116],"promising":[6],"technique":[7],"towards":[8],"6G":[9,40],"networks,":[10],"and":[11,27,57,88,97,132,157],"generative":[12],"foundation":[13,37,51],"models":[14,19,38,52],"such":[15],"as":[16,142],"large":[17],"language":[18],"(LLMs)":[20],"have":[21],"attracted":[22],"considerable":[23],"interest":[24],"from":[25],"academia":[26],"industry.":[28],"This":[29],"letter":[30],"considers":[31],"novel":[33,117],"edge-cloud":[34,155],"deployment":[35,156],"of":[36,50,109,136],"in":[39,143],"networks.":[41],"Specifically,":[42],"it":[43],"aims":[44],"to":[45,66,92,105,121],"minimize":[46],"the":[47,70,80,101,107,123,134,149,153],"service":[48,165],"delay":[49,108],"by":[53],"radio":[54,86],"resource":[55],"allocation":[56],"task":[58,124],"offloading,":[59],"i.e.,":[60,84],"offloading":[61,125],"diverse":[62],"content":[63,95,110],"generation":[64,164],"tasks":[65],"proper":[67],"LLMs":[68],"at":[69],"network":[71],"edge":[72],"or":[73,140],"cloud.":[74],"In":[75],"particular,":[76],"we":[77,99,114],"first":[78],"introduce":[79],"communication":[81],"system":[82],"model,":[83],"allocating":[85],"resources":[87],"calculating":[89],"link":[90],"capacity":[91],"support":[93],"generated":[94],"transmission,":[96],"then":[98],"present":[100],"LLM":[102],"inference":[103,130],"model":[104,138,169],"calculate":[106],"generation.":[111],"After":[112],"that,":[113],"propose":[115],"in-context":[118,158],"learning":[119,146,159],"method":[120,160],"optimize":[122],"decisions.":[126],"It":[127],"utilizes":[128],"LLM\u2019s":[129],"capabilities,":[131],"avoids":[133],"difficulty":[135],"dedicated":[137,168],"training":[139],"fine-tuning":[141],"conventional":[144],"machine":[145],"algorithms.":[147],"Finally,":[148],"simulations":[150],"demonstrate":[151],"that":[152],"proposed":[154],"can":[161],"achieve":[162],"satisfactory":[163],"quality":[166],"without":[167],"training.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-08-28T12:50:07.497085","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}