{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405440199","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2024.3518357","title":"Characterization of Capacity and Outage of RIS-Aided Downlink Systems Under Rician Fading","display_name":"Characterization of Capacity and Outage of RIS-Aided Downlink Systems Under Rician Fading","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405440199","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2024.3518357"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2024.3518357","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2024.3518357","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081492987","display_name":"Kali Krishna Kota","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3217-5626"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64189192","display_name":"International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad","ror":"https://ror.org/05f11g639","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64189192"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65181880","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad","ror":"https://ror.org/01j4v3x97","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kali Krishna Kota","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signal Processing and Communication Research Center, International Institute of Information Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India","Signal Processing and Communication Research Center, IIIT, Hyderabad, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal Processing and Communication Research Center, International Institute of Information Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64189192"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal Processing and Communication Research Center, IIIT, Hyderabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084293922","display_name":"Praful D. Mankar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2725-824X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64189192","display_name":"International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad","ror":"https://ror.org/05f11g639","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64189192"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65181880","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad","ror":"https://ror.org/01j4v3x97","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Praful D. Mankar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signal Processing and Communication Research Center, International Institute of Information Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India","Signal Processing and Communication Research Center, IIIT, Hyderabad, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal Processing and Communication Research Center, International Institute of Information Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64189192"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal Processing and Communication Research Center, IIIT, Hyderabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064063671","display_name":"Harpreet S. Dhillon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2829-9449"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harpreet S. Dhillon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Wireless@VT, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA","Department of ECE, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, US"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Wireless@VT, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of ECE, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081492987"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64189192","https://openalex.org/I65181880"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4175,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64082982,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"3","first_page":"631","last_page":"635"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rician-fading","display_name":"Rician fading","score":0.8694926500320435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.7944832444190979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.7333959341049194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5670475959777832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outage-probability","display_name":"Outage probability","score":0.5378149747848511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4110549986362457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3261672854423523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.086589515209198}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60472773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7331156","display_name":"Rician fading","level":4,"score":0.8694926500320435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.7944832444190979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.7333959341049194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5670475959777832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778258436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30672262","display_name":"Outage probability","level":4,"score":0.5378149747848511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4110549986362457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3261672854423523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.086589515209198}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2024.3518357","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2024.3518357","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2383726188","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-2225511","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4069193084","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ECCS-2030215","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2099798769","https://openalex.org/W2742341851","https://openalex.org/W2968810373","https://openalex.org/W3008823209","https://openalex.org/W3027321015","https://openalex.org/W3043981101","https://openalex.org/W3045494177","https://openalex.org/W3085280677","https://openalex.org/W3128786808","https://openalex.org/W3132180877","https://openalex.org/W3135296589","https://openalex.org/W3159402647","https://openalex.org/W3163898694","https://openalex.org/W3212148169","https://openalex.org/W4207044519","https://openalex.org/W4226363831","https://openalex.org/W4292970212","https://openalex.org/W4313005921","https://openalex.org/W4320018439","https://openalex.org/W4384521511","https://openalex.org/W4390357678","https://openalex.org/W4399039738"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2172055400","https://openalex.org/W2124796615","https://openalex.org/W2141180789","https://openalex.org/W2902575303","https://openalex.org/W1560491530","https://openalex.org/W2263624057","https://openalex.org/W2120860811","https://openalex.org/W2297105046","https://openalex.org/W178334044","https://openalex.org/W2001971585"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,49],"letter":[1],"presents":[2],"optimal":[3,77,104],"beamforming":[4,105,111],"and":[5,27,45,127,155],"outage":[6,136],"analysis":[7,91],"for":[8,38,150,161],"a":[9,82,102,151,162],"Reconfigurable":[10],"Intelligent":[11],"Surface":[12],"(RIS)-aided":[13],"multiple":[14],"input":[15],"single":[16],"output":[17],"downlink":[18],"system":[19],"under":[20],"Rician":[21],"fading":[22],"along":[23],"both":[24],"the":[25,28,36,71,76,109,120,124,132,147],"direct":[26],"RIS-assisted":[29],"indirect":[30],"links.":[31],"We":[32,99],"focus":[33],"on":[34,119,135],"maximizing":[35],"capacity":[37,50],"two":[39],"transmitter":[40],"architectures:":[41],"fully":[42,46],"digital":[43],"(FD)":[44],"analog":[47],"(FA).":[48],"maximization":[51],"problem":[52],"with":[53,68],"optimally":[54],"configured":[55],"RIS":[56],"is":[57],"shown":[58,143,157],"to":[59,70,107,130,144,158],"be":[60,159],"<inline-formula":[61,84],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[62,85],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[63,86],"<tex-math":[64,87],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$L_{1}$":[65,88],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[66],"norm-maximization":[67],"respect":[69],"transmit":[72],"beamformer.":[73],"To":[74],"obtain":[75,108],"FD":[78],"beamformer,":[79],"we":[80,114],"propose":[81,101],"complex":[83],"</tex-math></inline-formula>-principal":[89],"component":[90],"(PCA)-based":[92],"algorithm":[93,106],"which":[94],"has":[95],"low":[96],"computational":[97],"complexity.":[98],"also":[100],"low-complexity":[103],"FA":[110],"solution.":[112],"Further,":[113],"derive":[115],"analytical":[116],"upper":[117],"bounds":[118,134,140],"SNR":[121],"achievable":[122,148],"by":[123],"proposed":[125],"algorithms":[126],"utilize":[128],"them":[129],"characterize":[131],"lower":[133],"probabilities.":[137],"The":[138],"derived":[139],"are":[141,156],"numerically":[142],"closely":[145],"match":[146],"performance":[149],"low-rank":[152],"channel":[153,164],"matrix":[154],"exact":[160],"unit-rank":[163],"matrix.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}