{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405269951","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2024.3515049","title":"RF Attenuation in Alaskan Ice: Implications for Through-Ice Communications on Icy Moons","display_name":"RF Attenuation in Alaskan Ice: Implications for Through-Ice Communications on Icy Moons","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405269951","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2024.3515049"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2024.3515049","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2024.3515049","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070553368","display_name":"Luciano Camilo Alexandre","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3217-6110"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Luciano C. Alexandre","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, USA","Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006470096","display_name":"Michael Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7788-2337"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael K. Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, USA","Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067046313","display_name":"Dennis K. Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dennis K. Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, USA","Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070553368"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.16428384,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"2","first_page":"534","last_page":"538"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10406","display_name":"Planetary Science and Exploration","score":0.9821000099182129,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10406","display_name":"Planetary Science and Exploration","score":0.9821000099182129,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13200","display_name":"Spacecraft and Cryogenic Technologies","score":0.9491999745368958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14214","display_name":"Space Exploration and Technology","score":0.9476000070571899,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/icy-moon","display_name":"Icy moon","score":0.8498255610466003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attenuation","display_name":"Attenuation","score":0.6580791473388672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astrobiology","display_name":"Astrobiology","score":0.6508873701095581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.451961874961853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.37307047843933105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.33675694465637207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oceanography","display_name":"Oceanography","score":0.33244141936302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/planet","display_name":"Planet","score":0.2921050488948822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2597355842590332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astronomy","display_name":"Astronomy","score":0.20867079496383667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/saturn","display_name":"Saturn","score":0.11096984148025513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.09139290452003479}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129717645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3180802","display_name":"Icy moon","level":4,"score":0.8498255610466003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184652730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2357982","display_name":"Attenuation","level":2,"score":0.6580791473388672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87355193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411","display_name":"Astrobiology","level":1,"score":0.6508873701095581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.451961874961853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.37307047843933105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.33675694465637207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.33244141936302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51244244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q634","display_name":"Planet","level":2,"score":0.2921050488948822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2597355842590332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.20867079496383667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511503438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193","display_name":"Saturn","level":3,"score":0.11096984148025513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.09139290452003479}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2024.3515049","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2024.3515049","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.44999998807907104,"display_name":"Climate action"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3648211085","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"80NM0018D0004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","funder_display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7336105542","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"80NM0018D0004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309398","funder_display_name":"California Institute of Technology"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309398","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1500562049","https://openalex.org/W1520084180","https://openalex.org/W1592604414","https://openalex.org/W2007611172","https://openalex.org/W2016201669","https://openalex.org/W2111798829","https://openalex.org/W2114635696","https://openalex.org/W2897449364","https://openalex.org/W2905395728","https://openalex.org/W2951919136","https://openalex.org/W3012030044","https://openalex.org/W3186467398","https://openalex.org/W4255198486","https://openalex.org/W4285165485","https://openalex.org/W4386494692","https://openalex.org/W6602824990"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4319786713","https://openalex.org/W4390965986","https://openalex.org/W2902696386","https://openalex.org/W89418723","https://openalex.org/W2952265190","https://openalex.org/W2068615563","https://openalex.org/W2072846374","https://openalex.org/W2763063375","https://openalex.org/W1618073629","https://openalex.org/W4235202279"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"letter":[1],"presents":[2],"experimental":[3],"investigations":[4],"conducted":[5],"on":[6,34,41],"the":[7,42],"Matanuska":[8],"Glacier":[9],"in":[10],"Alaska":[11],"to":[12,75,102,115],"evaluate":[13],"radio":[14],"frequency":[15],"(RF)":[16],"attenuation":[17],"for":[18,32,78,97],"through-ice":[19,69],"communications.":[20],"Software-defined":[21],"radio-based":[22],"transceivers":[23],"employing":[24],"Frequency":[25],"Shift":[26],"Keying":[27],"(FSK)":[28],"modulation":[29],"were":[30,54],"utilized":[31],"measurements":[33],"both":[35],"a":[36,68],"frozen":[37],"lake":[38],"and":[39,50,60,85],"directly":[40],"glacier":[43],"at":[44,56],"169":[45],"MHz.":[46],"Received":[47],"signal":[48],"levels":[49],"bit":[51],"error":[52],"rates":[53],"measured":[55],"1":[57],"kbit/s":[58],"with":[59],"without":[61],"Forward":[62],"Error":[63],"Correction":[64],"(FEC)":[65],"codes.":[66],"Additionally,":[67],"link":[70],"budget":[71],"analysis":[72],"is":[73],"presented":[74],"provide":[76],"insights":[77],"future":[79],"wireless":[80],"communication":[81],"between":[82],"moon":[83,108],"landers":[84],"cryobots":[86],"exploring":[87],"extraterrestrial":[88],"oceans":[89],"beneath":[90],"ice":[91],"surfaces.":[92],"These":[93],"findings":[94],"are":[95],"relevant":[96],"potential":[98],"deep":[99],"space":[100],"missions":[101],"icy":[103],"moons,":[104],"such":[105],"as":[106],"Jupiter\u2019s":[107],"Europa,":[109],"which":[110],"may":[111],"harbor":[112],"conditions":[113],"conducive":[114],"life.":[116]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}