{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405205306","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2024.3514655","title":"Analysis of PHY-Layer Security and Covert Communication in Hybrid Power-Frequency Multiple Access Systems","display_name":"Analysis of PHY-Layer Security and Covert Communication in Hybrid Power-Frequency Multiple Access Systems","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405205306","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2024.3514655"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2024.3514655","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2024.3514655","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040773786","display_name":"Anh\u2010Tu Le","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2710-1843"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142208455","display_name":"VSB - Technical University of Ostrava","ror":"https://ror.org/05x8mcb75","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anh-Tu Le","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2710-1843","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011855564","display_name":"Thai-Hoc Vu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5559-6695"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40542001","display_name":"University of Ulsan","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2f8975","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thai-Hoc Vu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Computer Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, South Korea","Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Computer Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5559-6695","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Computer Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Computer Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021210951","display_name":"Tran Trung Duy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3947-2174"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210095603","display_name":"Vietnam Posts and Telecommunications Group (Vietnam)","ror":"https://ror.org/00q0e7f94","country_code":"VN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210095603"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tran Trung Duy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Posts and Telecommunications Institute of Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Posts and Telecommunications Institute of Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210095603"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071493756","display_name":"Lam\u2010Thanh Tu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5735-4641"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141445968","display_name":"Ton Duc Thang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01drq0835","country_code":"VN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141445968"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142208455","display_name":"VSB - Technical University of Ostrava","ror":"https://ror.org/05x8mcb75","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"]}],"countries":["CZ","VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lam-Thanh Tu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Communication and Signal Processing Research Group, Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam","Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5735-4641","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Communication and Signal Processing Research Group, Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141445968"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072201492","display_name":"Miroslav Vozn\u0306\u00e1k","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5135-7980"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142208455","display_name":"VSB - Technical University of Ostrava","ror":"https://ror.org/05x8mcb75","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miroslav Voznak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5135-7980","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0846,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81422273,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"2","first_page":"519","last_page":"523"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13905","display_name":"Telecommunications and Broadcasting Technologies","score":0.968500018119812,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13905","display_name":"Telecommunications and Broadcasting Technologies","score":0.968500018119812,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12791","display_name":"Full-Duplex Wireless Communications","score":0.9452000260353088,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9388999938964844,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6973404288291931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phy","display_name":"PHY","score":0.6294616460800171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-layer","display_name":"Physical layer","score":0.5827396512031555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5515562891960144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.3303106427192688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.240027517080307}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6973404288291931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41918916","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"PHY","level":4,"score":0.6294616460800171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.5827396512031555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5515562891960144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.3303106427192688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.240027517080307}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2024.3514655","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2024.3514655","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.6000000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2027563534","https://openalex.org/W2801625030","https://openalex.org/W3208092358","https://openalex.org/W4226053788","https://openalex.org/W4293704409","https://openalex.org/W4319990028","https://openalex.org/W4361802267","https://openalex.org/W4362500847","https://openalex.org/W4386524159","https://openalex.org/W4389076494","https://openalex.org/W4390224650","https://openalex.org/W4390576916","https://openalex.org/W4393028679","https://openalex.org/W4400770731"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2945523224","https://openalex.org/W4313639042","https://openalex.org/W2444418218","https://openalex.org/W2727597159","https://openalex.org/W4241709719","https://openalex.org/W1488909492","https://openalex.org/W4234133302","https://openalex.org/W2111773294","https://openalex.org/W2774037455","https://openalex.org/W1858159341"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1,138],"analyzes":[2],"the":[3,55,63,83,103,109,116,125,141],"physical-layer":[4],"security":[5],"and":[6,73,92,108,132],"covert":[7],"communication":[8,146],"in":[9,20,41,129],"hybrid":[10],"power-frequency":[11],"multiple-access":[12],"(PFMA)":[13],"systems.":[14],"By":[15],"partially":[16],"overlapping":[17],"users\u2019":[18],"signals":[19,61],"power":[21,65],"domains":[22],"coupled":[23],"with":[24],"orthogonal":[25],"transmission,":[26],"PFMA":[27,128],"exhibits":[28],"strong":[29],"resistance":[30],"to":[31,49,114,122,135],"untrusted":[32],"users":[33,59,68],"exploiting":[34],"information":[35],"intended":[36],"for":[37,46,82,102],"a":[38],"distant":[39],"user":[40],"non-orthogonal":[42],"multiple":[43],"access":[44],"(NOMA),":[45],"its":[47],"ability":[48],"successive":[50],"interference":[51],"cancellation-free":[52],"approach.":[53],"In":[54],"context":[56],"of":[57,127,143],"internal":[58],"intercepting":[60],"within":[62],"same":[64],"domain,":[66],"external":[67,74],"eavesdropping":[69],"on":[70,148],"legitimate":[71],"users,":[72],"wardens":[75],"monitoring":[76],"communications,":[77],"we":[78,98],"derive":[79],"closed-form":[80,100],"expressions":[81],"connection":[84],"outage":[85,89],"probability":[86,90,95],"(COP),":[87],"secrecy":[88],"(SOP),":[91],"detection":[93,111],"error":[94],"(DEP).":[96],"Furthermore,":[97],"establish":[99],"approximations":[101],"optimal":[104],"transmitting":[105],"signal-to-noise":[106],"ratio":[107],"warden\u2019s":[110],"threshold":[112],"factors":[113],"minimize":[115],"DEP.":[117],"Numerical":[118],"results":[119],"are":[120],"studied":[121],"very":[123],"demonstrate":[124],"superiority":[126],"improving":[130],"COP":[131],"SOP":[133],"compared":[134],"NOMA.":[136],"The":[137],"also":[139],"examines":[140],"impacts":[142],"different":[144],"knowledge":[145],"channels":[147],"DEP":[149],"performance.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-12-27T23:08:20.325037","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}