{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403022228","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2024.3471664","title":"Frequency Diverse RIS (FD-RIS) Enhanced Wireless Communications via Joint Distance-Angle Beamforming","display_name":"Frequency Diverse RIS (FD-RIS) Enhanced Wireless Communications via Joint Distance-Angle Beamforming","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403022228","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2024.3471664"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2024.3471664","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2024.3471664","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10199055/1/Accepted_WCL_Frequency%20Diverse%20RIS%20%28FD-RIS%29%20Enhanced%20Wireless%20Communications%20via%20Joint%20Distance-Angle%20Beamforming.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002856350","display_name":"Han Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8613-4422"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Han Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communications Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communications Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101899032","display_name":"Xiaoyan Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8440-3143"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyan Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communications Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communications Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100368548","display_name":"Wenjie Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1249-5172"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenjie Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communications Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communications Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011048761","display_name":"Kai\u2010Kit Wong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7521-0078"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai-Kit Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100435639","display_name":"Kun Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6782-6689"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143016","display_name":"Changchun Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03r6wam78","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143016"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kun Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Technology and Engineering, Changchun Institute of Technology, Changchun, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Technology and Engineering, Changchun Institute of Technology, Changchun, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143016"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002856350"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.2483,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97805058,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"12","first_page":"3459","last_page":"3463"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.7065016031265259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5804198384284973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.5799566507339478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5725314021110535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.29762864112854004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12736129760742188}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.7065016031265259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5804198384284973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.5799566507339478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5725314021110535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.29762864112854004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12736129760742188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2024.3471664","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2024.3471664","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:10199055","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10199055/","pdf_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10199055/1/Accepted_WCL_Frequency%20Diverse%20RIS%20%28FD-RIS%29%20Enhanced%20Wireless%20Communications%20via%20Joint%20Distance-Angle%20Beamforming.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"   IEEE Wireless Communications Letters       (2024)     (In press).  ","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:10199055","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10199055/","pdf_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10199055/1/Accepted_WCL_Frequency%20Diverse%20RIS%20%28FD-RIS%29%20Enhanced%20Wireless%20Communications%20via%20Joint%20Distance-Angle%20Beamforming.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"   IEEE Wireless Communications Letters       (2024)     (In press).  ","raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8100000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1695205688","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023-YBGY-040","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336350","funder_display_name":"Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1864038768","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62471380","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8411583234","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62201449","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330084","display_name":"Research and Innovation Foundation","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336350","display_name":"Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4403022228.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4403022228.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2054692642","https://openalex.org/W2165468651","https://openalex.org/W2896507689","https://openalex.org/W3120822682","https://openalex.org/W4239210031","https://openalex.org/W4312833915","https://openalex.org/W4352976955","https://openalex.org/W4388740285","https://openalex.org/W4391365599","https://openalex.org/W4391935870"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2963170046","https://openalex.org/W2376244802","https://openalex.org/W1971477554","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2158075901","https://openalex.org/W818226659","https://openalex.org/W4391913857"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,54,109],"conventional":[1],"reconfigurable":[2],"intelligent":[3],"surface":[4],"(RIS)":[5],"assisted":[6,117],"far-field":[7],"communication":[8,118],"systems":[9],"can":[10,41,120],"only":[11],"implement":[12],"angle":[13],"beamforming,":[14],"which":[15,40],"actually":[16],"limits":[17],"the":[18,22,47,50,72,78,95,105,114,128,136,139,149,152],"capability":[19],"for":[20,58],"reconfiguring":[21],"wireless":[23,60],"propagation":[24],"environment.":[25],"To":[26],"overcome":[27],"this":[28,30],"limitation,":[29],"letter":[31],"proposes":[32],"a":[33,89,122],"newly":[34],"designed":[35],"frequency":[36],"diverse":[37],"RIS":[38],"(FD-RIS),":[39],"achieve":[42,85,121],"joint":[43],"distance-angle":[44,86],"beamforming":[45],"with":[46,127,148],"assistance":[48],"of":[49,138],"time":[51],"modulation":[52],"technology.":[53],"signal":[55],"processing":[56],"model":[57],"FD-RIS-aided":[59],"communications":[61],"is":[62,75,100,143],"first":[63],"derived.":[64],"Then,":[65],"an":[66],"optimization":[67,97,107],"problem":[68],"aimed":[69],"at":[70],"maximizing":[71],"achievable":[73],"rate":[74],"formulated":[76],"where":[77],"frequency-time":[79],"modulations":[80],"are":[81],"jointly":[82],"optimized":[83],"to":[84,102],"beamforming.":[87],"Furthermore,":[88],"novel":[90],"iterative":[91],"algorithm":[92,142,154],"based":[93],"on":[94],"cross-entropy":[96],"(CEO)":[98],"framework":[99],"proposed":[101,115,140],"effectively":[103],"handle":[104],"non-convex":[106],"problem.":[108],"numerical":[110],"results":[111],"validate":[112],"that":[113],"FD-RIS":[116],"scheme":[119,130],"notable":[123],"performance":[124],"improvement":[125],"compared":[126],"baseline":[129],"utilizing":[131],"traditional":[132],"RIS.":[133],"In":[134],"addition,":[135],"effectiveness":[137],"CEO":[141],"further":[144],"verified":[145],"by":[146],"comparing":[147],"benchmark":[150],"using":[151],"genetic":[153],"(GA).":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
