{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402570190","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2024.3462710","title":"Distributed Versus Centralized Sensing in Cell-Free Massive MIMO","display_name":"Distributed Versus Centralized Sensing in Cell-Free Massive MIMO","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-09-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402570190","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2024.3462710"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2024.3462710","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2024.3462710","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2024.3462710","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120746577","display_name":"Q. Zou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5318-5711"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qinglin Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5318-5711","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032328149","display_name":"Zinat Behdad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1807-1985"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zinat Behdad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1807-1985","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030697206","display_name":"\u00d6zlem Tu\u011ffe Demir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9059-2799"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13236232","display_name":"TOBB University of Economics and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03ewx7v96","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13236232"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u00d6zlem Tu\u011ffe Demir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara, T&#x00FC;rkiye"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9059-2799","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara, T&#x00FC;rkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13236232"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006937058","display_name":"\u00c7i\u00e7ek \u00c7avdar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0525-4491"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cicek Cavdar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0525-4491","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":{"value":1381,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1489},"fwci":2.7693,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90945587,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"12","first_page":"3345","last_page":"3349"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.74171382188797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6340979933738708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.41931214928627014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3535436987876892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2947733402252197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.15371882915496826}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.74171382188797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6340979933738708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.41931214928627014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3535436987876892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2947733402252197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.15371882915496826}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2024.3462710","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2024.3462710","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2024.3462710","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2024.3462710","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1824323766","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"876124","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327207","funder_display_name":"Electronic Components and Systems for European Leadership"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327207","display_name":"Electronic Components and Systems for European Leadership","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2125930644","https://openalex.org/W2475771804","https://openalex.org/W2981586776","https://openalex.org/W3038047043","https://openalex.org/W3112930119","https://openalex.org/W3129773144","https://openalex.org/W3148892937","https://openalex.org/W3155535021","https://openalex.org/W3188358066","https://openalex.org/W3194620979","https://openalex.org/W3213070675","https://openalex.org/W4205381552","https://openalex.org/W4290996263","https://openalex.org/W4315629945","https://openalex.org/W4384832112","https://openalex.org/W4393972738"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"letter":[1],"investigates":[2],"single-target":[3],"detection":[4,123,144],"in":[5,39,119,155],"an":[6,130],"integrated":[7],"sensing":[8,36,49,101,149],"and":[9,79,103],"communication":[10],"(ISAC)":[11],"system,":[12],"implemented":[13],"within":[14],"a":[15,24,45,91,93,143,160],"cell-free":[16],"massive":[17],"multiple-input":[18],"multiple-output":[19],"(MIMO)":[20],"setup,":[21],"based":[22,62],"on":[23,63,135],"cloud":[25],"radio":[26],"access":[27,55,74,83],"network":[28],"(C-RAN)":[29],"architecture.":[30],"Unlike":[31],"previous":[32],"centralized":[33,117],"approaches":[34],"where":[35,48],"is":[37],"processed":[38],"the":[40,53,64,105,116,126,136,156],"central":[41],"cloud,":[42],"we":[43],"propose":[44],"distributed":[46,100],"approach":[47,118],"partially":[50],"occurs":[51],"at":[52,67],"receive":[54,68],"points":[56],"(APs).":[57],"We":[58,89],"consider":[59],"two":[60],"scenarios":[61,102],"knowledge":[65],"available":[66],"APs:":[69],"i)":[70],"fully-informed,":[71],"with":[72,82,115],"complete":[73],"to":[75,85],"transmitted":[76,86],"signal":[77,87],"information,":[78],"ii)":[80],"partly-informed,":[81],"only":[84],"statistics.":[88],"introduce":[90],"maximum":[92],"posteriori":[94],"ratio":[95],"test":[96],"detector":[97],"for":[98,108,142],"both":[99],"assess":[104],"signaling":[106,152],"load":[107],"sensing.":[109],"The":[110],"fully-informed":[111],"scenario\u2019s":[112],"performance":[113],"aligns":[114],"terms":[120],"of":[121],"target":[122],"probability.":[124],"However,":[125],"partly-informed":[127,157],"scenario":[128],"requires":[129],"additional":[131],"13":[132],"dBsm":[133],"variance":[134],"target\u2019s":[137],"radar":[138],"cross":[139],"section":[140],"(RCS)":[141],"probability":[145],"above":[146],"0.9.":[147],"Distributed":[148],"significantly":[150],"reduces":[151],"load,":[153],"especially":[154],"scenario,":[158],"achieving":[159],"70%":[161],"reduction":[162],"under":[163],"our":[164],"system":[165],"setup.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-12-27T23:08:20.325037","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
