{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401806895","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2024.3448614","title":"Covert Communications for Text Semantic With Finite Blocklength","display_name":"Covert Communications for Text Semantic With Finite Blocklength","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401806895","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2024.3448614"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2024.3448614","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2024.3448614","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034963090","display_name":"Jinsong Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80947539","display_name":"Fuzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/011xvna82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jinsong Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fujian Key Laboratory for Intelligent Processing and Wireless Transmission of Media Information, College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fujian Key Laboratory for Intelligent Processing and Wireless Transmission of Media Information, College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108330723","display_name":"Longjie Ye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0846-354X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80947539","display_name":"Fuzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/011xvna82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Longjie Ye","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fujian Key Laboratory for Intelligent Processing and Wireless Transmission of Media Information, College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fujian Key Laboratory for Intelligent Processing and Wireless Transmission of Media Information, College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060894111","display_name":"Youjia Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6430-2003"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80947539","display_name":"Fuzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/011xvna82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Youjia Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fujian Key Laboratory for Intelligent Processing and Wireless Transmission of Media Information, College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fujian Key Laboratory for Intelligent Processing and Wireless Transmission of Media Information, College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100686652","display_name":"Xuefei Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7096-9667"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuefei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100384800","display_name":"Jun Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7884-6714"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80947539","display_name":"Fuzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/011xvna82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060268627","display_name":"Zhizhang Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5346-2514"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129902397","display_name":"Dalhousie University","ror":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129902397"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhizhang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129902397"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034963090"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4614,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82252382,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"10","first_page":"2842","last_page":"2846"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7581764459609985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covert","display_name":"Covert","score":0.51663738489151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4498330056667328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3285054564476013}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7581764459609985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779338814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5179285","display_name":"Covert","level":2,"score":0.51663738489151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4498330056667328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3285054564476013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2024.3448614","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2024.3448614","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1137727640","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020J05106","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321878","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2966343615","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62271150","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3814934662","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62001116","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321878","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2098346479","https://openalex.org/W2248823781","https://openalex.org/W2896420513","https://openalex.org/W2981443503","https://openalex.org/W2981906516","https://openalex.org/W2984466104","https://openalex.org/W3036851434","https://openalex.org/W3168495756","https://openalex.org/W4206479288","https://openalex.org/W4225009676","https://openalex.org/W4308619895","https://openalex.org/W4312051582","https://openalex.org/W4323644265","https://openalex.org/W4323896844","https://openalex.org/W4375869184","https://openalex.org/W4377079826","https://openalex.org/W4384788007","https://openalex.org/W4388286191","https://openalex.org/W4388739236"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2523525694","https://openalex.org/W2998642566","https://openalex.org/W2392682561","https://openalex.org/W57793151","https://openalex.org/W2804882289","https://openalex.org/W2727423897","https://openalex.org/W2497612952","https://openalex.org/W4247948804"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Semantic":[0],"communication,":[1],"by":[2],"the":[3,55,61,69,86,91,102,106,125,147,157],"extraction":[4],"of":[5,57,93],"essential":[6],"semantic":[7,37,48,73,88,94,148],"information":[8,49],"from":[9],"source":[10],"data,":[11],"reduces":[12],"data":[13],"volume":[14],"and":[15,90,110,117,145],"enhances":[16],"transmission":[17,33,144],"efficiency,":[18,75],"making":[19],"it":[20],"increasingly":[21],"popular":[22],"among":[23],"candidate":[24],"technologies":[25],"in":[26,146],"6G.":[27],"In":[28],"this":[29],"letter,":[30],"a":[31,42,51,58,119],"covert":[32,143],"scheme":[34],"for":[35,105],"text":[36,47],"communications":[38],"is":[39,115,156],"proposed,":[40],"where":[41],"transmitter":[43],"attempts":[44],"to":[45,50,67,123,142],"send":[46],"legitimate":[52],"receiver":[53,62],"under":[54],"surveillance":[56],"warden,":[59],"while":[60,81],"emits":[63],"artificial":[64],"noise":[65],"(AN)":[66],"interfere":[68],"warden.":[70],"To":[71],"maximize":[72],"spectral":[74],"we":[76],"formulate":[77],"an":[78],"optimization":[79],"problem":[80],"considering":[82],"constraints":[83],"on":[84],"covertness,":[85],"minimum":[87,158],"similarity,":[89],"number":[92],"symbols":[95],"mapped":[96],"per":[97],"word":[98],"K.":[99,160],"We":[100],"derive":[101],"closed-form":[103],"expressions":[104],"optimal":[107,126],"transmit":[108],"power":[109,112,139],"AN":[111,138],"when":[113],"K":[114],"fixed,":[116],"employ":[118],"one-dimension":[120],"searching":[121],"method":[122],"find":[124],"<inline-formula":[127,150],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[128,151],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[129,152],"<tex-math":[130,153],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$K^{*}$":[131,154],"</tex-math></inline-formula>.":[132],"Numerical":[133],"results":[134],"demonstrate":[135],"that":[136],"fixed":[137],"can":[140],"contribute":[141],"model,":[149],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[155],"allowable":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}