{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388262999","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2023.3327384","title":"Reflecting Elements Analysis for Secure and Energy-Efficient UAV-RIS System With Phase Errors","display_name":"Reflecting Elements Analysis for Secure and Energy-Efficient UAV-RIS System With Phase Errors","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388262999","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2023.3327384"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2023.3327384","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2023.3327384","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024180525","display_name":"Danyu Diao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1192-5696"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104252","display_name":"Air Force Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/00seraz22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Danyu Diao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Navigation, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1192-5696","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Navigation, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042938268","display_name":"Buhong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7425-0502"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104252","display_name":"Air Force Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/00seraz22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Buhong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Navigation, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7425-0502","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Navigation, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032575053","display_name":"Kunrui Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1950-6901"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kunrui Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi’an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1950-6901","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076085397","display_name":"Beixiong Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2374-9263"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Beixiong Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Microelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2374-9263","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Microelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081287589","display_name":"Runze Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7261-8331"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104252","display_name":"Air Force Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/00seraz22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Runze Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Navigation, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7261-8331","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Navigation, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067076835","display_name":"Tianhao Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7737-4639"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104252","display_name":"Air Force Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/00seraz22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianhao Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Navigation, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7737-4639","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Navigation, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047949565","display_name":"Jingyu Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3184-4751"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingyu Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communications, National University of Defense Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communications, National University of Defense Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":17.9637,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98886934,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"2","first_page":"293","last_page":"297"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9904000163078308,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9693999886512756,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6604855060577393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase","display_name":"Phase (matter)","score":0.5120769143104553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.4406408667564392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.14709395170211792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10324037075042725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.09666118025779724}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6604855060577393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.5120769143104553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4406408667564392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.14709395170211792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10324037075042725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.09666118025779724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2023.3327384","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2023.3327384","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8600000143051147,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1594236965","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ISN23-04","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330485","funder_display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3077560746","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZK21-44","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324150","funder_display_name":"National University of Defense Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4069362428","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62101560","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4530497611","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62301600","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6496730809","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61902426","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G711822390","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021M692502","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8815994433","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022JQ-619","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336567","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324150","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330485","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336567","display_name":"Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972485395","https://openalex.org/W2289204537","https://openalex.org/W2612291478","https://openalex.org/W2904947504","https://openalex.org/W3012255535","https://openalex.org/W3091866666","https://openalex.org/W3199601978","https://openalex.org/W3204184545","https://openalex.org/W3212208169","https://openalex.org/W4221147571","https://openalex.org/W4300131682","https://openalex.org/W4312227560","https://openalex.org/W4323519590"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"letter":[1],"investigates":[2],"the":[3,61,82,90],"minimum":[4,62],"number":[5,63],"of":[6,64,84],"reflecting":[7,65,104],"elements":[8,66,105],"to":[9,35,41],"achieve":[10],"secure":[11],"and":[12,69,87],"energy-efficient":[13],"unmanned":[14],"aerial":[15],"vehicle":[16],"(UAV)-reconfigurable":[17],"intelligent":[18],"surface":[19],"(RIS)":[20],"systems.":[21,96,109],"Specifically,":[22],"we":[23],"consider":[24],"a":[25,29,32,39],"UAV":[26,59],"equipped":[27],"with":[28],"RIS":[30,95],"as":[31,58],"passive":[33],"relay":[34],"assist":[36],"communication":[37],"from":[38],"source":[40],"users":[42],"while":[43],"avoiding":[44],"terrestrial":[45,94],"eavesdroppers.":[46],"Taking":[47],"account":[48],"into":[49],"phase":[50],"estimation":[51],"errors":[52],"caused":[53],"by":[54],"imperfect":[55],"conditions":[56],"such":[57],"jitter,":[60],"under":[67],"secrecy":[68],"energy":[70],"efficiency":[71],"constraints":[72],"is":[73],"derived":[74],"in":[75,106],"closed":[76],"form.":[77],"Our":[78,97],"simulation":[79],"results":[80],"verify":[81],"correctness":[83],"theoretical":[85,100],"derivation":[86],"demonstrate":[88],"that":[89],"UAV-RIS":[91,108],"systems":[92],"outperform":[93],"research":[98],"provides":[99],"guidance":[101],"for":[102],"configuring":[103],"practical":[107]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}