{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312993435","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2022.3221159","title":"Continuous-Time mmWave Beam Prediction With ODE-LSTM Learning Architecture","display_name":"Continuous-Time mmWave Beam Prediction With ODE-LSTM Learning Architecture","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312993435","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2022.3221159"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2022.3221159","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2022.3221159","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028128297","display_name":"Ke Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7384-8502"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ke Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7384-8502","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100403567","display_name":"Fan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2863-0090"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2863-0090","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072949757","display_name":"Wenqiang Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0431-7780"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenqiang Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Standardization, OPPO Research Institute, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0431-7780","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Standardization, OPPO Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102023049","display_name":"Zhaocheng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6150-3846"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131625388","display_name":"University Town of Shenzhen","ror":"https://ror.org/05f5j6225","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131625388"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaocheng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6150-3846","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131625388","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5724,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82584793,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"1","first_page":"187","last_page":"191"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9758999943733215,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ode","display_name":"Ode","score":0.9084017276763916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam","display_name":"Beam (structure)","score":0.7149206399917603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6899373531341553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.6709995269775391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solver","display_name":"Solver","score":0.5291168093681335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ordinary-differential-equation","display_name":"Ordinary differential equation","score":0.5161453485488892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5050449967384338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.42963361740112305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential-equation","display_name":"Differential equation","score":0.2793440818786621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2740171551704407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-mathematics","display_name":"Applied mathematics","score":0.25154948234558105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.18336886167526245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.16486138105392456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1562780737876892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.1412460207939148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.10104194283485413}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34862557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178985","display_name":"Ode","level":2,"score":0.9084017276763916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168834538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3705329","display_name":"Beam (structure)","level":2,"score":0.7149206399917603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6899373531341553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.6709995269775391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778770139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1966904","display_name":"Solver","level":2,"score":0.5291168093681335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51544822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q465274","display_name":"Ordinary differential equation","level":3,"score":0.5161453485488892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5050449967384338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.42963361740112305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78045399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11214","display_name":"Differential equation","level":2,"score":0.2793440818786621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2740171551704407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.25154948234558105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.18336886167526245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.16486138105392456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1562780737876892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.1412460207939148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.10104194283485413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2022.3221159","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2022.3221159","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3532766577","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YF-B1801102","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W2095705004","https://openalex.org/W2163363194","https://openalex.org/W2291730555","https://openalex.org/W2604992528","https://openalex.org/W2783162972","https://openalex.org/W2972554461","https://openalex.org/W3010200429","https://openalex.org/W3033597970","https://openalex.org/W3118245008","https://openalex.org/W3163036309","https://openalex.org/W3184183363","https://openalex.org/W3190808626","https://openalex.org/W3196023632","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6638667902","https://openalex.org/W6674330103","https://openalex.org/W6752307458","https://openalex.org/W6759127422","https://openalex.org/W6765671628","https://openalex.org/W6778918719"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3082668976","https://openalex.org/W2517973022","https://openalex.org/W1543121148","https://openalex.org/W1580703421","https://openalex.org/W2618518959","https://openalex.org/W2231364979","https://openalex.org/W4295745414","https://openalex.org/W4382202915","https://openalex.org/W2489516236","https://openalex.org/W4297273858"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"order":[1],"to":[2,17,25,47,68],"avoid":[3],"frequent":[4],"millimeter-wave":[5],"(mmWave)":[6],"beam":[7,30,36,50,60,73,79],"training":[8,37],"in":[9,12],"high-speed":[10],"scenarios,":[11],"this":[13],"letter,":[14],"we":[15],"propose":[16],"exploit":[18],"the":[19,27,32,49,54,63,70,77,88],"neural":[20],"ordinary":[21],"differential":[22],"equation":[23],"(ODE)":[24],"predict":[26],"arbitrary-instant":[28],"optimal":[29,78],"between":[31],"current":[33],"and":[34,62],"next":[35],"instants.":[38],"Specifically,":[39],"long":[40],"short-term":[41],"memory":[42],"(LSTM)":[43],"network":[44],"is":[45,66],"utilized":[46],"model":[48],"dynamics":[51],"based":[52],"on":[53],"received":[55],"signals":[56],"of":[57,72],"previous":[58],"periodical":[59],"training,":[61],"ODE":[64],"solver":[65],"adopted":[67],"learn":[69],"derivative":[71],"variations,":[74],"so":[75],"that":[76,93],"at":[80],"arbitrary":[81],"instant":[82],"can":[83],"be":[84],"predicted":[85],"by":[86],"integrating":[87],"derivatives.":[89],"Simulation":[90],"results":[91],"demonstrate":[92],"our":[94],"proposed":[95],"ODE-LSTM":[96],"assisted":[97],"methodology":[98],"could":[99],"achieve":[100],"higher":[101],"beamforming":[102],"gain":[103],"over":[104],"its":[105],"state-of-the-art":[106],"counterparts.":[107]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}