{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285269246","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2022.3175805","title":"Ergodic Capacity Analysis of UAV-Based FSO Links Over Foggy Channels","display_name":"Ergodic Capacity Analysis of UAV-Based FSO Links Over Foggy Channels","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285269246","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2022.3175805"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2022.3175805","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2022.3175805","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014166002","display_name":"Kug-Jin Jung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5532-1563"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}],"countries":["KR","SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kug-Jin Jung","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea","Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5532-1563","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063195616","display_name":"Sung Sik Nam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9259-4931"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12832649","display_name":"Gachon University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ryywt80","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sung Sik Nam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronic Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9259-4931","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083193286","display_name":"Mohamed\u2010Slim Alouini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4827-1793"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed-Slim Alouini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4827-1793","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087836855","display_name":"Young\u2010Chai Ko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1043-9028"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Young-Chai Ko","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1043-9028","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9718,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73455232,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"7","first_page":"1483","last_page":"1487"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ergodic-theory","display_name":"Ergodic theory","score":0.6736113429069519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probability-density-function","display_name":"Probability density function","score":0.6577982306480408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monte-carlo-method","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","score":0.5930951833724976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heterodyne-detection","display_name":"Heterodyne detection","score":0.5793899297714233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.5491540431976318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5219159126281738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5139424204826355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-capacity","display_name":"Channel capacity","score":0.48419955372810364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ergodicity","display_name":"Ergodicity","score":0.458047091960907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.4536255896091461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.4516056776046753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.44791728258132935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.41369181871414185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.38145941495895386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-physics","display_name":"Statistical physics","score":0.3364800810813904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2993035912513733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.288266122341156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2298973798751831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.22786039113998413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.18490374088287354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.1756114959716797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.15203028917312622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser","display_name":"Laser","score":0.08221089839935303}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122044880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5498822","display_name":"Ergodic theory","level":2,"score":0.6736113429069519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197055811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207522","display_name":"Probability density function","level":2,"score":0.6577982306480408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.5930951833724976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204003914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q760140","display_name":"Heterodyne detection","level":3,"score":0.5793899297714233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.5491540431976318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5219159126281738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5139424204826355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97744766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870845","display_name":"Channel capacity","level":3,"score":0.48419955372810364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201779956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5426803","display_name":"Ergodicity","level":2,"score":0.458047091960907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.4536255896091461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.4516056776046753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.44791728258132935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.41369181871414185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.38145941495895386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.3364800810813904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2993035912513733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.288266122341156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2298973798751831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.22786039113998413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.18490374088287354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.1756114959716797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.15203028917312622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.08221089839935303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2022.3175805","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2022.3175805","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.kaust.edu.sa:10754/678024","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10754/678024","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401596","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Repository (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","host_organization_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6700000166893005}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3189231809","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2021R1F1A1047271","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8842700202","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2020R1A4A1019628","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322320","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973323421","https://openalex.org/W2009198962","https://openalex.org/W2055224267","https://openalex.org/W2120827491","https://openalex.org/W2141138347","https://openalex.org/W2157915296","https://openalex.org/W2263466419","https://openalex.org/W2467023535","https://openalex.org/W2587850312","https://openalex.org/W2589132895","https://openalex.org/W2964005248","https://openalex.org/W3012501482","https://openalex.org/W3016843226","https://openalex.org/W3035564120","https://openalex.org/W3099127973","https://openalex.org/W3113221786"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2009962825","https://openalex.org/W1972942382","https://openalex.org/W2385944013","https://openalex.org/W2136727990","https://openalex.org/W1722744795","https://openalex.org/W124275629","https://openalex.org/W2950014027","https://openalex.org/W964575223","https://openalex.org/W2952991236","https://openalex.org/W4296948412"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"letter,":[2],"we":[3,24,58],"investigate":[4],"the":[5,35,38,42,66,70,96],"ergodic":[6,67],"capacity":[7,68],"of":[8,37,45,65,75],"unmanned":[9],"aerial":[10],"vehicle":[11],"(UAV)-based":[12],"free":[13],"space":[14],"optics":[15],"(FSO)":[16],"links":[17],"over":[18],"random":[19,53],"foggy":[20,54],"channel.":[21,55],"More":[22],"specifically,":[23],"derive":[25],"composite":[26,39],"probability":[27],"density":[28],"function":[29],"(PDF)":[30],"and":[31,51,62,80,85],"close":[32],"approximation":[33,64],"for":[34,69],"moments":[36],"PDF":[40],"using":[41],"statistical":[43],"model":[44],"a":[46,52],"UAV-based":[47],"3D":[48],"pointing":[49],"error":[50],"With":[56],"it,":[57],"obtain":[59],"upper":[60],"bound":[61],"asymptotic":[63],"two":[71],"possible":[72],"detection":[73,78,82],"techniques":[74],"intensity":[76],"modulation/direct":[77],"(IM/DD)":[79],"heterodyne":[81],"at":[83],"high":[84],"low":[86],"signal-to-noise":[87],"ratio":[88],"(SNR)":[89],"regimes.":[90],"The":[91],"numerical":[92],"results":[93,99],"confirm":[94],"all":[95],"presented":[97],"analytic":[98],"via":[100],"computer-based":[101],"Monte-Carlo":[102],"simulations.":[103]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}