{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4293281815","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2022.3170597","title":"Deep Learning-Based Overhead Minimizing Hybrid Beamforming for Wideband mmWave Systems","display_name":"Deep Learning-Based Overhead Minimizing Hybrid Beamforming for Wideband mmWave Systems","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4293281815","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2022.3170597"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2022.3170597","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2022.3170597","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002357410","display_name":"Siting Lv","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siting Lv","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Telecommunication Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6328-910X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Telecommunication Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100338527","display_name":"Xiaohui Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0589-3712"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaohui Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Telecommunication Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0589-3712","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Telecommunication Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065880627","display_name":"Tao Fan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Telecommunication Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3618-1969","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Telecommunication Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058600842","display_name":"Jiawen Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5666-1922"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiawen Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Telecommunication Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5666-1922","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Telecommunication Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074065025","display_name":"Mingli Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0865-7467"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingli Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Telecommunication Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0865-7467","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Telecommunication Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6463,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66674821,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"7","first_page":"1389","last_page":"1393"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.736077606678009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7215449213981628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.6503664255142212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wideband","display_name":"Wideband","score":0.621491551399231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4794263243675232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-state-information","display_name":"Channel state information","score":0.4646344482898712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4297701120376587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.42260026931762695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.26029616594314575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.24100148677825928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.17637938261032104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1541244387626648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.14940646290779114}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.736077606678009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7215449213981628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.6503664255142212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780202535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4524457","display_name":"Wideband","level":2,"score":0.621491551399231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4794263243675232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148063708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072511","display_name":"Channel state information","level":3,"score":0.4646344482898712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4297701120376587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.42260026931762695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.26029616594314575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.24100148677825928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.17637938261032104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1541244387626648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.14940646290779114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2022.3170597","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2022.3170597","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4699999988079071,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1595715893","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"B08038","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327912","funder_display_name":"Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1948771034","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFB1802004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327912","display_name":"Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2189661557","https://openalex.org/W2259391824","https://openalex.org/W2592085864","https://openalex.org/W2909191390","https://openalex.org/W2909794597","https://openalex.org/W2964218543","https://openalex.org/W2968634732","https://openalex.org/W2975471211","https://openalex.org/W2986348246","https://openalex.org/W3044530764","https://openalex.org/W3203938711","https://openalex.org/W6801660504"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4280581283","https://openalex.org/W3092731089","https://openalex.org/W3190774574","https://openalex.org/W4287642618","https://openalex.org/W2288612292","https://openalex.org/W4312490420","https://openalex.org/W2983277742","https://openalex.org/W3036185781","https://openalex.org/W4280513707","https://openalex.org/W3116920802"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hybrid":[0],"beamforming":[1],"(HBF)":[2],"design":[3,13,52,120],"for":[4,42,143],"wideband":[5,43],"millimeter-wave":[6],"(mmWave)":[7],"systems":[8],"has":[9],"two":[10],"challenges:":[11],"1)":[12],"complexity":[14],"due":[15,26],"to":[16,27,87,124,145],"frequency":[17],"selectivity;":[18],"2)":[19],"large":[20],"pilot":[21],"overhead":[22,25],"and":[23,112,130],"feedback":[24],"heavy":[28],"dependence":[29],"on":[30,100],"the":[31,49,61,74,105,113,126,140,147],"channel":[32,76,80,106],"information.":[33],"This":[34],"letter":[35],"proposes":[36],"a":[37,55,121],"deep":[38],"learning-based":[39],"HBF":[40,51,96,134],"method":[41,149],"mmWave":[44],"systems.":[45],"First,":[46],"we":[47,72,93,119,138],"simplify":[48],"complex":[50],"problem":[53,58],"into":[54],"network":[56,97,103],"optimization":[57,69],"by":[59],"designing":[60],"loss":[62],"function":[63],"with":[64,79,104],"spectral":[65],"efficiency":[66],"as":[67,110,116],"an":[68,95],"objective.":[70],"Then,":[71],"replace":[73],"instantaneous":[75],"state":[77],"information":[78,82],"statistics":[81],"of":[83],"multiple":[84],"time":[85],"slots":[86],"achieve":[88],"low":[89],"system":[90],"overhead.":[91],"Specifically,":[92],"develop":[94],"(HBFNet)":[98],"based":[99],"convolutional":[101],"neural":[102],"covariance":[107],"matrix":[108],"(CCM)":[109],"input":[111],"hybrid":[114],"beamformer":[115],"output.":[117],"Meanwhile,":[118],"constraint":[122,129,132],"layer":[123],"satisfy":[125],"constant":[127],"modulus":[128],"power":[131],"in":[133],"design.":[135],"In":[136],"addition,":[137],"adopt":[139],"imperfect":[141],"CCM":[142],"training":[144],"make":[146],"proposed":[148],"more":[150],"robust.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
