{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3217304575","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2021.3130942","title":"Fingerprint-Based Covariance Matrix Estimation for Cell-Free Distributed Massive MIMO Systems","display_name":"Fingerprint-Based Covariance Matrix Estimation for Cell-Free Distributed Massive MIMO Systems","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3217304575","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2021.3130942","mag":"3217304575"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2021.3130942","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2021.3130942","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066002650","display_name":"Feng Ye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6066-6099"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Feng Ye","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","[National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China (.]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6066-6099","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China (.]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100730414","display_name":"Jiamin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3566-7855"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiamin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4527-3147","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050166453","display_name":"Pengcheng Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9867-7041"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pengcheng Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","[National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China (.]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9867-7041","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China (.]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100737019","display_name":"Dongming Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2762-6567"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongming Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","[National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China (.]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2762-6567","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China (.]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072916702","display_name":"Xiaohu You","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0809-8511"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaohu You","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","[National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China (.]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0809-8511","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China (.]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066002650"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7117,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70646166,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"2","first_page":"416","last_page":"420"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covariance-matrix","display_name":"Covariance matrix","score":0.8014081716537476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covariance","display_name":"Covariance","score":0.7656552791595459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation-of-covariance-matrices","display_name":"Estimation of covariance matrices","score":0.7513476610183716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6469789743423462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covariance-function","display_name":"Covariance function","score":0.5767582654953003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5564181804656982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covariance-intersection","display_name":"Covariance intersection","score":0.4933251440525055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4805172383785248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.44970035552978516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rational-quadratic-covariance-function","display_name":"Rational quadratic covariance function","score":0.4366903305053711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","score":0.43101319670677185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4212130308151245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.31244194507598877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.27576619386672974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.25291708111763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.0802982747554779}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185142706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134404","display_name":"Covariance matrix","level":2,"score":0.8014081716537476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178650346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201984","display_name":"Covariance","level":2,"score":0.7656552791595459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180877172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5401390","display_name":"Estimation of covariance matrices","level":3,"score":0.7513476610183716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6469789743423462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137250428","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5178897","display_name":"Covariance function","level":3,"score":0.5767582654953003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5564181804656982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83042196","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5178898","display_name":"Covariance intersection","level":4,"score":0.4933251440525055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4805172383785248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.44970035552978516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148893098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7295778","display_name":"Rational quadratic covariance function","level":5,"score":0.4366903305053711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.43101319670677185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4212130308151245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.31244194507598877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.27576619386672974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.25291708111763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0802982747554779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2021.3130942","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2021.3130942","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G281127615","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61871465","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3554749734","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61871122","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4462495405","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61971127","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G622400272","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020YFB1806600","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2015301486","https://openalex.org/W2145013959","https://openalex.org/W2561711915","https://openalex.org/W2612881001","https://openalex.org/W2742503793","https://openalex.org/W2770606349","https://openalex.org/W2787596476","https://openalex.org/W2964042011","https://openalex.org/W2965977336","https://openalex.org/W3098994186","https://openalex.org/W3099921307","https://openalex.org/W3133442736","https://openalex.org/W3198309204","https://openalex.org/W4307368536","https://openalex.org/W6797261809"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2022823194","https://openalex.org/W2126916073","https://openalex.org/W1974588588","https://openalex.org/W3211883524","https://openalex.org/W1627656821","https://openalex.org/W1987404909","https://openalex.org/W2109377650","https://openalex.org/W2344632425","https://openalex.org/W2554071524","https://openalex.org/W274661425"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Channel":[0],"covariance":[1,32,61,95],"matrix,":[2],"or":[3],"large-scale":[4],"channel":[5,31,60],"state":[6],"information,":[7],"is":[8,16],"usually":[9],"assumed":[10],"to":[11,20,58,82],"be":[12],"perfectly":[13],"known,":[14],"which":[15,63],"not":[17],"practical":[18],"due":[19],"the":[21,47,90],"quickly":[22],"changing":[23],"environment.":[24],"This":[25],"letter":[26],"proposes":[27],"a":[28],"highly":[29],"accurate":[30],"matrix":[33,96],"estimation":[34,84,97],"method":[35,92],"based":[36,74],"on":[37,75],"fingerprint-based":[38],"localization.":[39],"In":[40],"initial":[41],"pilot":[42],"assignment":[43],"stage,":[44],"we":[45],"eliminate":[46],"impact":[48],"of":[49],"inference":[50],"and":[51,77],"noise":[52],"by":[53],"introducing":[54],"random":[55],"phase":[56],"shift":[57],"estimate":[59],"matrices,":[62],"are":[64,72,79],"regarded":[65],"as":[66],"fingerprints":[67],"for":[68],"estimating":[69],"locations.":[70],"Users":[71],"clustered":[73],"locations":[76],"pilots":[78],"reassigned":[80],"accordingly":[81],"improve":[83],"accuracy.":[85,98],"Simulation":[86],"results":[87],"show":[88],"that":[89],"proposed":[91],"achieves":[93],"higher":[94]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
