{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3206714333","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2021.3121209","title":"Coverage Probability of Double-IRS Assisted Communication Systems","display_name":"Coverage Probability of Double-IRS Assisted Communication Systems","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3206714333","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2021.3121209","mag":"3206714333"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2021.3121209","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2021.3121209","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://orbilu.uni.lu/handle/10993/49320","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055961126","display_name":"Anastasios Papazafeiropoulos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1841-6461"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141584323","display_name":"University of Hertfordshire","ror":"https://ror.org/0267vjk41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["GB","LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anastasios Papazafeiropoulos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Communications and Intelligent Systems Research Group, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, U.K","SnT, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1841-6461","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Communications and Intelligent Systems Research Group, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SnT, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053560016","display_name":"Pandelis Kourtessis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3392-670X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141584323","display_name":"University of Hertfordshire","ror":"https://ror.org/0267vjk41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pandelis Kourtessis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Communications and Intelligent Systems Research Group, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3392-670X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Communications and Intelligent Systems Research Group, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016154330","display_name":"Symeon Chatzinotas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5122-0001"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Symeon Chatzinotas","raw_affiliation_strings":["SnT, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5122-0001","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SnT, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033083229","display_name":"John M. Senior","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4881-560X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141584323","display_name":"University of Hertfordshire","ror":"https://ror.org/0267vjk41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John M. Senior","raw_affiliation_strings":["Communications and Intelligent Systems Research Group, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4881-560X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Communications and Intelligent Systems Research Group, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5735,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83153913,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"1","first_page":"96","last_page":"100"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9731000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.659168004989624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.608549952507019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coherence","display_name":"Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy)","score":0.5867182612419128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coverage-probability","display_name":"Coverage probability","score":0.5606717467308044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplicative-function","display_name":"Multiplicative function","score":0.5458469986915588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-state-information","display_name":"Channel state information","score":0.47665220499038696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.4381352663040161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4361972510814667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.43587642908096313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rayleigh-fading","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","score":0.4323454201221466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.4276474118232727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.3899573087692261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3767946660518646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3617326021194458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.2701660990715027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1780502200126648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.10079464316368103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confidence-interval","display_name":"Confidence interval","score":0.09444966912269592}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.659168004989624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.608549952507019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781181686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4226068","display_name":"Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy)","level":2,"score":0.5867182612419128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776292839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5179217","display_name":"Coverage probability","level":3,"score":0.5606717467308044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42747912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048447","display_name":"Multiplicative function","level":2,"score":0.5458469986915588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148063708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072511","display_name":"Channel state information","level":3,"score":0.47665220499038696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.4381352663040161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4361972510814667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.43587642908096313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56985126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854039","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","level":4,"score":0.4323454201221466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.4276474118232727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.3899573087692261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3767946660518646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3617326021194458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.2701660990715027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1780502200126648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.10079464316368103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.09444966912269592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2021.3121209","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2021.3121209","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:orbilu.uni.lu:10993/49320","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://orbilu.uni.lu/handle/10993/49320","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401815","display_name":"Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Luxembourg)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","host_organization_name":"University of Luxembourg","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:orbilu.uni.lu:10993/49320","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://orbilu.uni.lu/handle/10993/49320","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401815","display_name":"Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Luxembourg)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","host_organization_name":"University of Luxembourg","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320665","display_name":"University of Hertfordshire","ror":"https://ror.org/0267vjk41"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1640112328","https://openalex.org/W2031858701","https://openalex.org/W2070432635","https://openalex.org/W2612881001","https://openalex.org/W2948573205","https://openalex.org/W2969424089","https://openalex.org/W2990747873","https://openalex.org/W3003686880","https://openalex.org/W3008823209","https://openalex.org/W3015594231","https://openalex.org/W3016347440","https://openalex.org/W3017311957","https://openalex.org/W3035049807","https://openalex.org/W3081766336","https://openalex.org/W3084194173","https://openalex.org/W3096723356","https://openalex.org/W3099921307","https://openalex.org/W3100075210","https://openalex.org/W3105487862","https://openalex.org/W3117633996","https://openalex.org/W3132406383","https://openalex.org/W3159558365","https://openalex.org/W3165711719","https://openalex.org/W3178047772","https://openalex.org/W3199166544","https://openalex.org/W4250589301"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2088352174","https://openalex.org/W4286695888","https://openalex.org/W3084132786","https://openalex.org/W301676527","https://openalex.org/W4327661444","https://openalex.org/W2161061958","https://openalex.org/W2034991012","https://openalex.org/W1589724747","https://openalex.org/W1818073027","https://openalex.org/W2070177675"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,30],"this":[1],"letter,":[2],"we":[3,32,84,104],"focus":[4],"on":[5,56],"the":[6,20,39,57,75,88,109,124,135],"coverage":[7,40],"probability":[8,41],"of":[9,22,38,42,69,74,87,90,108],"a":[10,34,43,106],"double-intelligent":[11],"reflecting":[12,60],"surface":[13],"(IRS)":[14],"assisted":[15,48],"wireless":[16],"network":[17],"and":[18,26,64,139],"study":[19],"impact":[21],"multiplicative":[23],"beamforming":[24,61],"gain":[25],"correlated":[27],"Rayleigh":[28],"fading.":[29],"particular,":[31],"obtain":[33],"novel":[35],"closed-form":[36],"expression":[37],"single-input":[44],"single-output":[45],"(SISO)":[46],"system":[47],"by":[49],"two":[50],"large":[51],"IRSs":[52,92],"while":[53],"being":[54],"dependent":[55],"corresponding":[58],"arbitrary":[59],"matrices":[62],"(RBMs)":[63],"large-scale":[65,76],"statistics":[66],"in":[67,114],"terms":[68],"correlation":[70],"matrices.":[71],"Taking":[72],"advantage":[73],"statistics,":[77],"i.e.,":[78],"statistical":[79],"channel":[80],"state":[81],"information":[82],"(CSI),":[83],"perform":[85],"optimization":[86],"RBMs":[89],"both":[91],"once":[93],"per":[94],"several":[95],"coherence":[96],"intervals":[97],"rather":[98],"than":[99],"at":[100],"each":[101],"interval.":[102],"Hence,":[103],"achieve":[105],"reduction":[107],"computational":[110],"complexity,":[111],"otherwise":[112],"increased":[113],"multi-IRS-assisted":[115],"networks":[116],"during":[117],"their":[118],"RBM":[119],"optimization.":[120],"Numerical":[121],"results":[122],"validate":[123],"analytical":[125],"expressions":[126],"even":[127],"for":[128],"small":[129],"IRSs,":[130],"confirm":[131],"enhanced":[132],"performance":[133],"over":[134],"conventional":[136],"single-IRS":[137],"counterpart,":[138],"reveal":[140],"insightful":[141],"properties.":[142]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}