{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3194263212","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2021.3106821","title":"Enhancing Indoor mmWave Wireless Coverage: Small-Cell Densification or Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces Deployment?","display_name":"Enhancing Indoor mmWave Wireless Coverage: Small-Cell Densification or Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces Deployment?","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-08-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3194263212","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2021.3106821","mag":"3194263212"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2021.3106821","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2021.3106821","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100779779","display_name":"Zeyang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1669-3457"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zeyang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062487419","display_name":"Haonan Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7767-0016"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haonan Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing Key Laboratory of Mobile Communications Technology Engineering Research Center of Mobile Communications, School of Communication and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Mobile Communications Technology Engineering Research Center of Mobile Communications, School of Communication and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100320402","display_name":"Jiliang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3750-6841"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801309126","display_name":"UK Power Networks","ror":"https://ror.org/05nqrfj72","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801309126"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiliang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K","Research and Development Department, Ranplan Wireless Network Design Ltd., Cambridge, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research and Development Department, Ranplan Wireless Network Design Ltd., Cambridge, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801309126"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100436731","display_name":"Jie Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3354-0690"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801309126","display_name":"UK Power Networks","ror":"https://ror.org/05nqrfj72","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801309126"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K","Research and Development Department, Ranplan Wireless Network Design Ltd., Cambridge, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research and Development Department, Ranplan Wireless Network Design Ltd., Cambridge, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801309126"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100779779"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.206,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88059283,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"11","first_page":"2547","last_page":"2551"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.8337416648864746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.7416486144065857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7221274375915527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5704491138458252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5623640418052673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.5519102811813354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-network","display_name":"Cellular network","score":0.44737565517425537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2745599150657654}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.8337416648864746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.7416486144065857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7221274375915527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5704491138458252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5623640418052673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.5519102811813354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.44737565517425537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2745599150657654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2021.3106821","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2021.3106821","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6685280496","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"11088","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338388","funder_display_name":"Eurostars"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338388","display_name":"Eurostars","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W88328698","https://openalex.org/W2103972037","https://openalex.org/W2116334496","https://openalex.org/W2125986229","https://openalex.org/W2150166076","https://openalex.org/W2187603890","https://openalex.org/W2261127636","https://openalex.org/W2398409936","https://openalex.org/W2963713839","https://openalex.org/W2963805943","https://openalex.org/W2964005434","https://openalex.org/W2968810373","https://openalex.org/W2969424089","https://openalex.org/W2984937369","https://openalex.org/W2990747873","https://openalex.org/W2995554704","https://openalex.org/W3015270897","https://openalex.org/W3035049807","https://openalex.org/W3035073222","https://openalex.org/W3043158753","https://openalex.org/W3085280677","https://openalex.org/W3095707788","https://openalex.org/W3096188699","https://openalex.org/W3100082866","https://openalex.org/W3101570866","https://openalex.org/W3104300639","https://openalex.org/W3165711719"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2303288554","https://openalex.org/W3033750547","https://openalex.org/W2029216794","https://openalex.org/W4386698331","https://openalex.org/W2047225036","https://openalex.org/W2138314731","https://openalex.org/W2029263917","https://openalex.org/W2093207996","https://openalex.org/W2982446297","https://openalex.org/W2322468729"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Both":[0],"reconfigurable":[1],"intelligent":[2],"surfaces":[3],"(RISs)":[4],"and":[5,35,40,47],"ultra-dense":[6],"(UD)":[7],"small-cell":[8],"(SC)":[9],"base":[10],"stations":[11],"(BSs)":[12],"are":[13,38,85],"investigated":[14],"for":[15,87],"indoor":[16,52],"mmWave":[17],"wireless":[18],"coverage":[19,45,60,73],"enhancement.":[20],"To":[21,68],"explore":[22],"which":[23],"deployment":[24,66],"strategy":[25],"is":[26],"more":[27],"cost-effective,":[28],"the":[29,57,76],"costs":[30],"of":[31,72,83],"deploying":[32],"both":[33],"RISs":[34],"UD":[36],"SCs":[37],"defined":[39],"calculated.":[41],"Through":[42],"jointly":[43],"analyzing":[44],"probability":[46,74],"network":[48,59,78],"cost":[49],"in":[50],"typical":[51],"environments,":[53],"we":[54],"conclude":[55],"that":[56],"same":[58],"can":[61],"be":[62],"achieved":[63],"by":[64],"multiple":[65],"strategies.":[67],"achieve":[69],"certain":[70],"level":[71],"with":[75],"lowest":[77],"cost,":[79],"a":[80],"proper":[81],"number":[82],"BSs":[84],"crucial":[86],"RIS-assisted":[88],"networks.":[89]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}