{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3187281126","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2021.3100989","title":"Cooperative Reflection Design With Timing Offsets in Distributed Multi-RIS Communications","display_name":"Cooperative Reflection Design With Timing Offsets in Distributed Multi-RIS Communications","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3187281126","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2021.3100989","mag":"3187281126"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2021.3100989","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2021.3100989","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035625301","display_name":"Yaqiong Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0753-617X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155350","display_name":"Purple Mountain Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/04zcbk583","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yaqiong Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013867024","display_name":"Wei Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9341-8382"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155350","display_name":"Purple Mountain Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/04zcbk583","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013291786","display_name":"Huan Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6633-9718"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250955327","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huan Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wireless Technology Laboratory, Huawei Technologies Company Ltd, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wireless Technology Laboratory, Huawei Technologies Company Ltd, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006080984","display_name":"Derrick Wing Kwan Ng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6400-712X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Derrick Wing Kwan Ng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072916702","display_name":"Xiaohu You","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0809-8511"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155350","display_name":"Purple Mountain Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/04zcbk583","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaohu You","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035625301"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350","https://openalex.org/I76569877"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9227,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86064434,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"11","first_page":"2379","last_page":"2383"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7493622303009033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.6853934526443481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/offset","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","score":0.646546483039856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflection","display_name":"Reflection (computer programming)","score":0.5705575346946716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5649619102478027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minification","display_name":"Minification","score":0.5318999290466309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-system","display_name":"Communications system","score":0.452837198972702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.43928593397140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.424887090921402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4146050810813904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.3519850969314575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.34281644225120544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.33099937438964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.1970902979373932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.15897053480148315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10953223705291748}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7493622303009033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.6853934526443481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175291020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156822","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.646546483039856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65682993","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056451","display_name":"Reflection (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.5705575346946716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5649619102478027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147764199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865248","display_name":"Minification","level":2,"score":0.5318999290466309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.452837198972702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.43928593397140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.424887090921402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4146050810813904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.3519850969314575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.34281644225120544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.33099937438964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.1970902979373932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15897053480148315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10953223705291748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2021.3100989","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2021.3100989","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4378559457","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61941115","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5486510883","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK20190012","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336608","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province for Distinguished Young Scholars"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5952740038","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DP210102169","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6546769403","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62022026","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8882420975","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61871109","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336608","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province for Distinguished Young Scholars","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2053521124","https://openalex.org/W2108264279","https://openalex.org/W2149414429","https://openalex.org/W2963355537","https://openalex.org/W3009918410","https://openalex.org/W3011747750","https://openalex.org/W3021564798","https://openalex.org/W3034004855","https://openalex.org/W3040433108","https://openalex.org/W3088226458","https://openalex.org/W3092027179","https://openalex.org/W3123473793","https://openalex.org/W4238327122","https://openalex.org/W4250589301","https://openalex.org/W6789701243"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4388308858","https://openalex.org/W2017572878","https://openalex.org/W3022853057","https://openalex.org/W2380573388","https://openalex.org/W2377728464","https://openalex.org/W2369636957","https://openalex.org/W2046645015","https://openalex.org/W2747473526","https://openalex.org/W2159675737","https://openalex.org/W2128424960"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"letter":[1],"investigates":[2],"a":[3,87,110,114],"wireless":[4],"communication":[5,39],"system":[6],"deploying":[7],"distributed":[8],"reconfigurable":[9],"intelligent":[10],"surfaces":[11],"(RISs).":[12],"Existing":[13],"works":[14],"have":[15],"assumed":[16],"that":[17],"perfect":[18],"timing":[19,44,62,103],"synchronization":[20,45],"is":[21],"available":[22],"among":[23],"all":[24],"the":[25,51,55,59,66,71,75,92,96,102,120],"cooperative":[26,34],"RISs.":[27,76],"For":[28],"practical":[29],"considerations,":[30],"we":[31,85],"first":[32],"study":[33],"reflection":[35],"design":[36,126],"for":[37],"multi-RIS-aided":[38],"systems":[40],"taking":[41],"into":[42],"account":[43],"errors.":[46],"We":[47],"aim":[48],"to":[49,65,79],"minimize":[50],"mean-squared":[52],"error":[53],"of":[54,61,74,123],"recovered":[56],"data":[57],"in":[58,109],"presence":[60],"offsets":[63],"subject":[64],"unit-modulus":[67],"constraints":[68],"imposed":[69],"on":[70,91],"phase":[72,98],"shifts":[73],"In":[77],"order":[78],"handle":[80],"this":[81],"sophisticated":[82],"nonconvex":[83],"problem,":[84],"develop":[86],"computationally-efficient":[88],"algorithm":[89],"based":[90],"majorization-minimization":[93],"framework":[94],"where":[95],"RIS":[97],"shift":[99],"matrices":[100],"and":[101,113],"offset":[104],"equalizer":[105],"are":[106],"respectively":[107],"developed":[108],"semi-closed":[111],"form":[112],"closed":[115],"form.":[116],"Numerical":[117],"examples":[118],"validate":[119],"improved":[121],"performance":[122],"our":[124],"proposed":[125],"compared":[127],"with":[128],"various":[129],"schemes.":[130]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
