{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3173890311","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2021.3091429","title":"On the Performance of Mixed FSO-UWOC Dual-Hop Transmission Systems","display_name":"On the Performance of Mixed FSO-UWOC Dual-Hop Transmission Systems","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3173890311","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2021.3091429","mag":"3173890311"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2021.3091429","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2021.3091429","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015729753","display_name":"Liang Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6576-332X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Liang Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039063645","display_name":"Qi Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9572-4412"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qi Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100326553","display_name":"Sai Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1561-9610"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sai Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027144149","display_name":"Imran Shafique Ansari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8461-6547"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Imran Shafique Ansari","raw_affiliation_strings":["James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100784083","display_name":"Siyuan Yu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siyuan Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Astronautic, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Astronautic, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015729753"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.0598,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":66,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96014894,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"9","first_page":"2041","last_page":"2045"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12146","display_name":"Power Line Communications and Noise","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6714718341827393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.5196046233177185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","score":0.5093973278999329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hop","display_name":"Hop (telecommunications)","score":0.44046199321746826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.41922205686569214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.32618823647499084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2804061770439148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.15540501475334167}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6714718341827393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5196046233177185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.5093973278999329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25906391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1432381","display_name":"Hop (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.44046199321746826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.41922205686569214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.32618823647499084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2804061770439148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.15540501475334167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2021.3091429","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2021.3091429","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7792880658","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"91838302","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W73186599","https://openalex.org/W1578842116","https://openalex.org/W1982892759","https://openalex.org/W2022715688","https://openalex.org/W2139794367","https://openalex.org/W2157005274","https://openalex.org/W2158714612","https://openalex.org/W2331688265","https://openalex.org/W2336491352","https://openalex.org/W2344547323","https://openalex.org/W2607000399","https://openalex.org/W2811057672","https://openalex.org/W2953761555","https://openalex.org/W2955405351","https://openalex.org/W2963870798","https://openalex.org/W2968624396","https://openalex.org/W2987653286","https://openalex.org/W3014763009","https://openalex.org/W3038982397","https://openalex.org/W3088537232","https://openalex.org/W3091940707","https://openalex.org/W3159915032","https://openalex.org/W4241055678"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2117210722","https://openalex.org/W2589759689","https://openalex.org/W1978191894","https://openalex.org/W2018045843","https://openalex.org/W3125668480","https://openalex.org/W2032875422","https://openalex.org/W1999406711","https://openalex.org/W1989661137","https://openalex.org/W2896124450","https://openalex.org/W4243319602"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,23],"this":[1],"letter,":[2],"a":[3,7,43,58,68],"performance":[4],"study":[5],"of":[6,13,49,86,107],"mixed":[8],"dual-hop":[9],"communication":[10,18],"system":[11],"consisting":[12],"free-space":[14],"optical/underwater":[15],"wireless":[16],"optical":[17],"(FSO-UWOC)":[19],"links":[20],"is":[21],"presented.":[22],"particular,":[24],"considering":[25],"both":[26],"heterodyne":[27],"detection":[28,34],"and":[29,81],"intensity":[30],"modulation":[31],"with":[32,64],"direct":[33],"(IM/DD),":[35],"we":[36],"assume":[37],"that":[38],"the":[39,47,54,76,87,95,105],"FSO":[40],"channel":[41,56],"suffers":[42],"Gamma-Gamma":[44],"fading":[45,63],"in":[46,84],"presence":[48],"pointing":[50,65],"error":[51],"impairments,":[52],"while":[53],"UWOC":[55],"experiences":[57],"mixture":[59],"Exponential-Generalized":[60],"Gamma":[61],"(EGG)":[62],"errors.":[66],"Assuming":[67],"fixed-gain":[69],"amplify-and-forward":[70],"(AF)":[71],"protocol,":[72],"closed-form":[73],"expressions":[74],"for":[75],"outage":[77],"probability,":[78],"average":[79,82],"bit-error-rate,":[80],"capacity":[83],"terms":[85],"bivariate":[88],"Fox\u2019s":[89],"H-function":[90],"are":[91,101],"derived.":[92],"To":[93],"verify":[94,104],"derived":[96],"analytical":[97],"expressions,":[98],"numerical":[99],"results":[100],"provided":[102],"to":[103],"accuracy":[106],"our":[108],"results.":[109]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}