{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3040589146","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2020.3007198","title":"Deep Learning Methods for Universal MISO Beamforming","display_name":"Deep Learning Methods for Universal MISO Beamforming","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3040589146","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2020.3007198","mag":"3040589146"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2020.3007198","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2020.3007198","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2007.00841","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Junbeom Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80611190","display_name":"Jeonbuk National University","ror":"https://ror.org/05q92br09","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80611190"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junbeom Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Electronic Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Electronic Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80611190"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hoon Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0753-8324"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8991828","display_name":"Pukyong National University","ror":"https://ror.org/0433kqc49","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8991828"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hoon Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communications Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0753-8324","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communications Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8991828"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Seung-Eun Hong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1394-998X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142401562","display_name":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03ysstz10","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142401562","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seung-Eun Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Future Mobile Communication Research Division, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1394-998X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Future Mobile Communication Research Division, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142401562"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Seok-Hwan Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9395-2550"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80611190","display_name":"Jeonbuk National University","ror":"https://ror.org/05q92br09","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80611190"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seok-Hwan Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Electronic Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9395-2550","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Electronic Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80611190"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8492,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":63,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91524388,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"11","first_page":"1894","last_page":"1898"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9241999983787537,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9241999983787537,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.026200000196695328,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.008500000461935997,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.8472999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.6855000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.6830999851226807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","score":0.6401000022888184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.5958999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.5684000253677368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.5203999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-neural-networks","display_name":"Deep neural networks","score":0.5040000081062317}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.8472999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.739300012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.6855000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.6830999851226807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.6401000022888184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.5958999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.5684000253677368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5203999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984842247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep neural networks","level":3,"score":0.5040000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65422117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q358527","display_name":"Transmitter power output","level":4,"score":0.5019000172615051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.49570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.48539999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.48410001397132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149768029","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1509342","display_name":"Power budget","level":4,"score":0.45399999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.4131999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3147999942302704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.29589998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8505890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q605095","display_name":"Budget constraint","level":2,"score":0.2888000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.2793999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.2694000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.2662000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.2653999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.2644999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.25870001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42058472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810214","display_name":"Base (topology)","level":2,"score":0.2567000091075897}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2020.3007198","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2020.3007198","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2007.00841","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2007.00841","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2007.00841","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.unist.ac.kr:201301/65454","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=9134393","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401118","display_name":"Scholarworks@UNIST (Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I48566637","host_organization_name":"Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48566637"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"ARTICLE"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2007.00841","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2007.00841","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2007.00841","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3443483128","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018-0-01410","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322030","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G467496449","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2019R1A6A1A09031717","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321408","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5422221841","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CD20191034","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321375","funder_display_name":"Pukyong National University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321375","display_name":"Pukyong National University","ror":"https://ror.org/0433kqc49"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321408","display_name":"Ministry of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/01p262204"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322030","display_name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning","ror":"https://ror.org/032e49973"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion","ror":"https://ror.org/01g0hqq23"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1997831264","https://openalex.org/W2072599023","https://openalex.org/W2137983211","https://openalex.org/W2163762663","https://openalex.org/W2616867685","https://openalex.org/W2804075771","https://openalex.org/W2908498346","https://openalex.org/W2966968590","https://openalex.org/W2981598692","https://openalex.org/W2992716901","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6638667902","https://openalex.org/W7056098506"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"letter":[1],"studies":[2],"deep":[3,42],"learning":[4],"(DL)":[5],"approaches":[6],"to":[7,21,76],"optimize":[8],"beamforming":[9,57],"vectors":[10],"in":[11,55],"downlink":[12],"multi-user":[13],"multi-antenna":[14],"systems":[15],"that":[16,41],"can":[17,46],"be":[18],"universally":[19],"applied":[20],"arbitrarily":[22],"given":[23],"transmit":[24],"power":[25,35,53,83],"limitation":[26],"at":[27],"a":[28,60],"base":[29],"station.":[30],"We":[31],"exploit":[32],"the":[33,49,52,56,67,89,92],"sum":[34],"budget":[36,84],"as":[37],"side":[38],"information":[39],"so":[40],"neural":[43],"networks":[44],"(DNNs)":[45],"effectively":[47],"learn":[48],"impact":[50],"of":[51,91],"constraint":[54],"optimization.":[58],"Consequently,":[59],"single":[61],"training":[62],"process":[63],"is":[64],"sufficient":[65],"for":[66,80],"proposed":[68,93],"universal":[69],"DL":[70,94],"approach,":[71],"whereas":[72],"conventional":[73],"methods":[74,95],"need":[75],"train":[77],"multiple":[78],"DNNs":[79],"all":[81],"possible":[82],"levels.":[85],"Numerical":[86],"results":[87],"demonstrate":[88],"effectiveness":[90],"over":[96],"existing":[97],"schemes.":[98]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-08-05T07:39:15.569665","created_date":"2020-07-10T00:00:00"}