{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3008131863","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2020.2974468","title":"<i>THzPrism</i>: Frequency-Based Beam Spreading for Terahertz Communication Systems","display_name":"<i>THzPrism</i>: Frequency-Based Beam Spreading for Terahertz Communication Systems","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-02-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3008131863","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2020.2974468","mag":"3008131863"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2020.2974468","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2020.2974468","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004656443","display_name":"Bangzhao Zhai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7624-0113"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bangzhao Zhai","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan\u2013Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7624-0113","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan\u2013Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075381438","display_name":"Yilun Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1821-2004"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yilun Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan\u2013Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1821-2004","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan\u2013Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050637803","display_name":"Aimin Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5469-8414"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aimin Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan\u2013Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5469-8414","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan\u2013Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100348138","display_name":"Xudong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1353-1420"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xudong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan\u2013Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1353-1420","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan\u2013Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8732,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":48,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85586631,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"6","first_page":"897","last_page":"900"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.8892178535461426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terahertz-radiation","display_name":"Terahertz radiation","score":0.8569743037223816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6357709169387817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phased-array","display_name":"Phased array","score":0.582949697971344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-system","display_name":"Communications system","score":0.5519251823425293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam-steering","display_name":"Beam steering","score":0.5228272676467896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.4995274543762207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.4969349205493927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.49445557594299316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path-loss","display_name":"Path loss","score":0.49241602420806885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4869736135005951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-antenna","display_name":"Smart antenna","score":0.4737352132797241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.4571407437324524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-band","display_name":"Frequency band","score":0.41804251074790955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/omnidirectional-antenna","display_name":"Omnidirectional antenna","score":0.38578248023986816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.28902924060821533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.26242315769195557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2481069564819336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.22144818305969238}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.8892178535461426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107816215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q647887","display_name":"Terahertz radiation","level":2,"score":0.8569743037223816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6357709169387817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55494473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727898","display_name":"Phased array","level":3,"score":0.582949697971344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.5519251823425293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143148639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4876192","display_name":"Beam steering","level":3,"score":0.5228272676467896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.4995274543762207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4969349205493927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.49445557594299316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194273485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1478845","display_name":"Path loss","level":3,"score":0.49241602420806885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4869736135005951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143635782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1187868","display_name":"Smart antenna","level":4,"score":0.4737352132797241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.4571407437324524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778116611","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25110567","display_name":"Frequency band","level":3,"score":0.41804251074790955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24027999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2176348","display_name":"Omnidirectional antenna","level":3,"score":0.38578248023986816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.28902924060821533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.26242315769195557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2481069564819336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.22144818305969238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2020.2974468","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2020.2974468","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.5299999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7225915753","display_name":"\u9762\u54115G\u8d85\u5bc6\u96c6\u8702\u7a9d\u7f51\u7684\u6beb\u7c73\u6ce2\u6df7\u5408\u5f0fMesh\u7ec4\u7f51\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61771312","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1538006934","https://openalex.org/W1555945676","https://openalex.org/W1990999789","https://openalex.org/W2218442732","https://openalex.org/W2239864376","https://openalex.org/W2248415020","https://openalex.org/W2783808000","https://openalex.org/W2962703830"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2915029371","https://openalex.org/W2007491870","https://openalex.org/W3152690091","https://openalex.org/W2587201540","https://openalex.org/W1952660447","https://openalex.org/W1995583244","https://openalex.org/W2789348156","https://openalex.org/W2798583614","https://openalex.org/W2329086448","https://openalex.org/W3008131863"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"large":[1,32],"available":[2],"bandwidths,":[3],"Terahertz":[4],"(THz)":[5],"band":[6],"communication":[7],"has":[8],"been":[9],"envisioned":[10],"as":[11,101],"a":[12,68,97,108],"key":[13,84],"technique":[14],"to":[15,77,89,102,132],"satisfy":[16],"the":[17,58,118,134],"increasing":[18],"demand":[19],"for":[20,42,80,121],"ultra-high-speed":[21],"wireless":[22],"communications.":[23,44],"To":[24],"overcome":[25],"severe":[26],"path":[27],"loss":[28],"of":[29,62,86,136],"THz":[30,43,63,81,122],"signals,":[31],"antenna":[33],"array":[34,71,99],"based":[35],"beamforming,":[36],"i.e.,":[37],"directional":[38],"communication,":[39],"is":[40,75,88],"required":[41],"Beamforming":[45],"increases":[46],"distance":[47,119],"coverage,":[48,54],"but":[49],"it":[50],"significantly":[51,112],"reduces":[52],"angular":[53,114],"which":[55],"severely":[56],"limits":[57],"efficiency":[59],"and":[60,127],"flexibility":[61],"systems.":[64,82,123],"In":[65],"this":[66],"letter,":[67],"novel":[69],"phased":[70,98],"architecture":[72],"called":[73],"THzPrism":[74,87,110],"designed":[76],"conduct":[78],"beamforming":[79],"The":[83],"idea":[85],"insert":[90],"several":[91],"true":[92],"time":[93],"delay":[94],"devices":[95],"in":[96],"so":[100],"achieve":[103],"frequency-based":[104],"beam":[105],"spreading.":[106],"As":[107],"result,":[109],"can":[111],"enlarge":[113],"coverage":[115,120],"while":[116],"maintaining":[117],"Both":[124],"theoretical":[125],"analysis":[126],"numerical":[128],"results":[129],"are":[130],"conducted":[131],"validate":[133],"effectiveness":[135],"THzPrism.":[137]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}