{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2917328431","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2019.2900310","title":"Achievable Secure Degrees of Freedom of ${K}$ -User MISO Broadcast Channel With Imperfect CSIT","display_name":"Achievable Secure Degrees of Freedom of ${K}$ -User MISO Broadcast Channel With Imperfect CSIT","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-02-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2917328431","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2019.2900310","mag":"2917328431"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2019.2900310","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2019.2900310","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079368253","display_name":"Ye Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9969-787X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ye Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047134574","display_name":"Xuewen Liao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8273-7019"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuewen Liao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076043225","display_name":"Zhenzhen Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6733-2523"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenzhen Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035919267","display_name":"Victor C. M. Leung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3529-2640"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Victor C. M. Leung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079368253"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4826,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64197594,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"3","first_page":"933","last_page":"936"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9890000224113464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/degrees-of-freedom","display_name":"Degrees of freedom (physics and chemistry)","score":0.7742646932601929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/imperfect","display_name":"Imperfect","score":0.7367799282073975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6176957488059998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5752769708633423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5418641567230225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/broadcasting","display_name":"Broadcasting (networking)","score":0.46388182044029236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.35718753933906555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.16242986917495728}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C208081375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274502","display_name":"Degrees of freedom (physics and chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.7742646932601929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780310539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12547192","display_name":"Imperfect","level":2,"score":0.7367799282073975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6176957488059998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5752769708633423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5418641567230225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110157686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q922122","display_name":"Broadcasting (networking)","level":2,"score":0.46388182044029236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.35718753933906555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.16242986917495728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2019.2900310","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2019.2900310","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8199999928474426,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5230086467","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61431011","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1998453297","https://openalex.org/W2043769961","https://openalex.org/W2079525500","https://openalex.org/W2108438541","https://openalex.org/W2144007657","https://openalex.org/W2205960012","https://openalex.org/W2226025886","https://openalex.org/W2276996242","https://openalex.org/W2291327895","https://openalex.org/W2597947158","https://openalex.org/W2758759047","https://openalex.org/W2766905202","https://openalex.org/W2963179291","https://openalex.org/W2963328334","https://openalex.org/W2963422994","https://openalex.org/W2964281573","https://openalex.org/W3099515973","https://openalex.org/W3102823983"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2374250903","https://openalex.org/W1546413948","https://openalex.org/W42072456","https://openalex.org/W2263832889","https://openalex.org/W2243884323","https://openalex.org/W4243095785","https://openalex.org/W4387894447","https://openalex.org/W2089057551","https://openalex.org/W2487056937","https://openalex.org/W4200024937"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"letter,":[2],"we":[3,36],"derive":[4],"the":[5,25,28,46,82,88,94,106,114,129,132],"achievable":[6],"secure":[7],"degrees":[8,83],"of":[9,12,30,48,74,84,87,131],"freedom":[10,85],"(SDoF)":[11],"K-user":[13],"multiple-input":[14],"single-output":[15],"broadcast":[16,53,60],"channel":[17,20,54,61],"with":[18,55,62,90],"imperfect":[19],"state":[21],"information":[22],"(CSI)":[23],"at":[24],"transmitter.":[26],"With":[27],"help":[29],"an":[31,63],"Nj":[32],"-antenna":[33],"external":[34,65],"jammer,":[35],"propose":[37],"a":[38],"jamming":[39,123],"rate":[40,116],"splitting":[41,117],"(J-RS)":[42],"scheme":[43,108],"to":[44,128],"ensure":[45],"security":[47],"two":[49],"wiretap":[50,75],"models:":[51],"1)":[52],"confidential":[56],"messages":[57],"and":[58,93,122],"2)":[59],"Ne-antenna":[64],"eavesdropper,":[66],"where":[67],"each":[68],"legal":[69],"node":[70],"has":[71],"no":[72],"CSI":[73],"channels.":[76],"Our":[77],"converse":[78],"is":[79,96],"based":[80,97],"on":[81,98],"(DoF)":[86],"network":[89],"secrecy":[91],"constraints,":[92],"achievability":[95],"J-RS.":[99],"By":[100],"numerical":[101],"analysis,":[102],"it":[103],"indicates":[104],"that":[105],"proposed":[107],"can":[109,126],"achieve":[110],"more":[111],"SDoF":[112],"than":[113],"traditional":[115],"scheme,":[118,121,124],"zero":[119],"forcing":[120],"which":[125],"reach":[127],"DoF":[130],"network.":[133]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}