{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2746113279","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2017.2742508","title":"Quadrature Channel Modulation","display_name":"Quadrature Channel Modulation","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-08-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2746113279","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2017.2742508","mag":"2746113279"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2017.2742508","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2017.2742508","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067601548","display_name":"Ibrahim Yildirim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0237-8464"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48912391","display_name":"Istanbul Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/059636586","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ibrahim Yildirim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051978835","display_name":"Ertu\u011frul Ba\u015far","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5566-2392"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48912391","display_name":"Istanbul Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/059636586","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ertugrul Basar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5566-2392","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031070537","display_name":"\u0130brahim Altunba\u015f","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3639-3729"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48912391","display_name":"Istanbul Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/059636586","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ibrahim Altunbas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5201,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93349137,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"6","first_page":"790","last_page":"793"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9840999841690063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11383","display_name":"Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies","score":0.9835000038146973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadrature-amplitude-modulation","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","score":0.6161035895347595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5800428986549377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.545481264591217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5398449301719666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadrature","display_name":"Quadrature (astronomy)","score":0.4982781410217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.4402643144130707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4291646480560303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-shift-keying","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","score":0.41478103399276733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.23940283060073853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.20304515957832336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.18613523244857788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15556466579437256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.14373379945755005}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32409245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749753","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","level":4,"score":0.6161035895347595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5800428986549377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.545481264591217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5398449301719666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62869609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28137","display_name":"Quadrature (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.4982781410217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.4402643144130707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4291646480560303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186378180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4874866","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","level":4,"score":0.41478103399276733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.23940283060073853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.20304515957832336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.18613523244857788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15556466579437256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.14373379945755005}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2017.2742508","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2017.2742508","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:polen.itu.edu.tr:11527/48319","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11527/48319","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400460","display_name":"Istanbul Technical University Academic Open Archive (Istanbul Technical University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I48912391","host_organization_name":"Istanbul Technical University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522045078","https://openalex.org/W1555197957","https://openalex.org/W1920202025","https://openalex.org/W2020144024","https://openalex.org/W2029262884","https://openalex.org/W2034084319","https://openalex.org/W2073152912","https://openalex.org/W2242291464","https://openalex.org/W2256638885","https://openalex.org/W2344487751","https://openalex.org/W2473082332","https://openalex.org/W2523002801","https://openalex.org/W2540924152","https://openalex.org/W2567698587","https://openalex.org/W2590591413","https://openalex.org/W2592901813","https://openalex.org/W2621039028","https://openalex.org/W2949843774"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2893995248","https://openalex.org/W2085207364","https://openalex.org/W2148868771","https://openalex.org/W2901356766","https://openalex.org/W1993069619","https://openalex.org/W2018164385","https://openalex.org/W2408534990","https://openalex.org/W2003011219","https://openalex.org/W2366061186","https://openalex.org/W2184919146"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"letter,":[2],"we":[3],"propose":[4],"the":[5,31,48,72,78],"concept":[6],"of":[7,36,50],"quadrature":[8,14,34],"channel":[9,45],"modulation":[10,16,20,56],"(QCM)":[11],"by":[12,57],"combining":[13],"spatial":[15,88],"(QSM)":[17],"and":[18,33,87],"media-based":[19],"(MBM)":[21],"transmission":[22,49],"principles.":[23],"The":[24],"proposed":[25,73],"QCM":[26,74],"schemes":[27,75,81],"exploit":[28],"not":[29],"only":[30],"in-phase":[32],"components":[35],"complex":[37],"data":[38],"symbols":[39],"for":[40,47],"antenna":[41],"indexing":[42],"but":[43],"also":[44,92],"states":[46],"additional":[51],"information":[52],"bits":[53],"through":[54],"index":[55],"employing":[58],"a":[59,94],"single":[60,95],"radio":[61],"frequency":[62],"(RF)":[63],"chain.":[64],"It":[65],"is":[66],"shown":[67],"via":[68],"numerical":[69],"studies":[70],"that":[71],"can":[76],"outperform":[77],"existing":[79],"emerging":[80],"such":[82],"as":[83],"QSM,":[84],"plain":[85],"MBM,":[86,90],"modulation-based":[89],"which":[91],"employ":[93],"RF":[96],"chain":[97],"at":[98],"their":[99],"transmitters.":[100]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}