{"id":"https://openalex.org/W794558810","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2015.2472404","title":"SINR and Throughput Scaling in Ultradense Urban Cellular Networks","display_name":"SINR and Throughput Scaling in Ultradense Urban Cellular Networks","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-08-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W794558810","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2015.2472404","mag":"794558810"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2015.2472404","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2015.2472404","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100727391","display_name":"Abhishek Gupta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4282-7407"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Abhishek K. Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wireless Networking and Communications Group, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","University of Texas at Austin#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wireless Networking and Communications Group, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at Austin#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114949390","display_name":"Xinchen Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9307-8986"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19268510","display_name":"Qualcomm (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/04d3djg48","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19268510","https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111675","display_name":"Market Matters","ror":"https://ror.org/021yan307","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111675"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinchen Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wireless Networking and Communications Group, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","[Qualcomm Inc.]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wireless Networking and Communications Group, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Qualcomm Inc.]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19268510","https://openalex.org/I4210111675"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042833857","display_name":"Jeffrey G. Andrews","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9115-5088"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111675","display_name":"Market Matters","ror":"https://ror.org/021yan307","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111675"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087596","display_name":"Qualcomm (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/002zrf773","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey G. Andrews","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qualcomm Inc., San Diego, CA, USA","Dept. of Electr. &, Comput. Eng., Univ. of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qualcomm Inc., San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596","https://openalex.org/I4210111675"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. &, Comput. Eng., Univ. of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100727391"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.6072,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":75,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97571019,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"6","first_page":"605","last_page":"608"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exponent","display_name":"Exponent","score":0.5049930214881897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.47887247800827026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3611317276954651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.33049124479293823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.3168042302131653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2473897933959961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.07909870147705078}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780388253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421508","display_name":"Exponent","level":2,"score":0.5049930214881897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.47887247800827026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3611317276954651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.33049124479293823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.3168042302131653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2473897933959961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.07909870147705078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2015.2472404","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2015.2472404","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.8299999833106995,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W922358034","https://openalex.org/W1509061701","https://openalex.org/W2031858701","https://openalex.org/W2054692642","https://openalex.org/W2102413189","https://openalex.org/W2102449144","https://openalex.org/W2114207517","https://openalex.org/W2114350263","https://openalex.org/W2116334496","https://openalex.org/W2123717129","https://openalex.org/W2126192588","https://openalex.org/W2134686390","https://openalex.org/W2147016173","https://openalex.org/W2150166076","https://openalex.org/W2535468383","https://openalex.org/W2950018876","https://openalex.org/W2963418615","https://openalex.org/W6624333452"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2051487156","https://openalex.org/W2073681303","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2467119940","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2317200988","https://openalex.org/W3194077685","https://openalex.org/W2376932109"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,33,87,149],"consider":[1],"a":[2,26,35,46,60,141,146,200],"dense":[3,201],"urban":[4,202],"cellular":[5],"network":[6,203],"where":[7,190],"the":[8,21,104,116,153,178,196,205,210],"base":[9],"stations":[10],"(BSs)":[11],"are":[12,192],"stacked":[13],"vertically":[14],"as":[15,17,198],"well":[16,42],"extending":[18],"infinitely":[19],"in":[20,25,131,140,199],"horizontal":[22],"plane,":[23],"resulting":[24],"greater":[27],"than":[28,59],"two":[29],"dimensional":[30],"(2D)":[31],"deployment.":[32],"use":[34],"dual-slope":[36],"path":[37,106],"loss":[38,107],"model":[39],"that":[40,102,152,182],"is":[41,54,145],"supported":[43],"empirically,":[44],"wherein":[45],"\u201cclose-in\u201d":[47],"pathloss":[48],"exponent":[49,108],"\u03b1":[50,72,77,109,124,164],"<sub":[51,64,73,78,83,110,125,165],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[52,65,74,79,84,111,126,166,187],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">0</sub>":[53,80,112,127,167],"used":[55],"for":[56,137,163,177],"distances":[57],"less":[58],"corner":[61],"distance":[62],"R":[63,82],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">c</sub>":[66,85],",":[67,189],"and":[68,93,100],"then":[69,115],"changes":[70],"to":[71,97,120,161],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">1</sub>":[75],">":[76],"outside":[81],".":[86],"extend":[88],"recent":[89],"2D":[90],"coverage":[91],"probability":[92],"potential":[94,154],"throughput":[95,159],"results":[96,130,174],"d":[98],"dimensions,":[99],"prove":[101],"if":[103],"close-in":[105],"<;":[113,168],"d,":[114],"SINR":[117,134],"eventually":[118],"decays":[119,160],"zero.":[121],"For":[122],"example,":[123],"\u2264":[128],"3":[129],"an":[132],"eventual":[133],"of":[135,171],"0":[136],"all":[138],"users":[139],"3D":[142,185],"network,":[143],"which":[144],"troubling":[147],"fact.":[148],"also":[150,175],"show":[151],"(i.e.":[155],"best":[156],"case)":[157],"aggregate":[158],"zero":[162],"d/2.":[169],"Both":[170],"these":[172],"scaling":[173],"hold":[176],"more":[179],"realistic":[180],"case":[181],"we":[183],"term":[184],"<sup":[186],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">+</sup>":[188],"there":[191],"no":[193],"BSs":[194],"below":[195],"user,":[197],"with":[204],"user":[206],"on":[207],"or":[208],"near":[209],"ground.":[211]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
