{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2003021396","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2015.2393355","title":"Baseband Processing Units Virtualization for Cloud Radio Access Networks","display_name":"Baseband Processing Units Virtualization for Cloud Radio Access Networks","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-01-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2003021396","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2015.2393355","mag":"2003021396"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2015.2393355","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2015.2393355","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101183855","display_name":"Manli Qian","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manli Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Computing Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Mobile Computing and Pervasive Devices, Beijing, China","Inst. of Comput. Technol., Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computing Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Mobile Computing and Pervasive Devices, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. of Comput. Technol., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003076132","display_name":"Wibowo Hardjawana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6775-8682"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wibowo Hardjawana","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Sydney, Sydney, N.S.W., Australia","Univ. of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Sydney, Sydney, N.S.W., Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111946256","display_name":"Jinglin Shi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinglin Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Computing Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Mobile Computing and Pervasive Devices, Beijing, China","Inst. of Comput. Technol., Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computing Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Mobile Computing and Pervasive Devices, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. of Comput. Technol., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043371405","display_name":"Branka Vucetic","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2700-2001"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Branka Vucetic","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Sydney, Sydney, N.S.W., Australia","Univ. of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Sydney, Sydney, N.S.W., Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.1631,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":85,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97878209,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"2","first_page":"189","last_page":"192"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.818154513835907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseband","display_name":"Baseband","score":0.7341980934143066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtualization","display_name":"Virtualization","score":0.7253897786140442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.7228245735168457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-access-network","display_name":"Radio access network","score":0.5481269359588623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.48256364464759827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4653976857662201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.44759517908096313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.44573238492012024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.1676715910434723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.1410447359085083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-station","display_name":"Mobile station","score":0.06847560405731201}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.818154513835907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65165936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q575784","display_name":"Baseband","level":3,"score":0.7341980934143066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513985346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270471","display_name":"Virtualization","level":3,"score":0.7253897786140442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.7228245735168457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106365562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3078360","display_name":"Radio access network","level":4,"score":0.5481269359588623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.48256364464759827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4653976857662201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.44759517908096313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.44573238492012024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.1676715910434723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.1410447359085083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207029474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q384018","display_name":"Mobile station","level":3,"score":0.06847560405731201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2015.2393355","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2015.2393355","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1482290550","display_name":"Inter-cell interference modelling and control in future cellular systems","funder_award_id":"DP130102479","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3189940716","display_name":"\u65f6\u7a7a\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u7684\u65e0\u7ebf\u63a5\u5165\u7f51\u7edc\u67b6\u6784\u4e0e\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61431001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G581177454","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"E150101704","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2024060531","https://openalex.org/W2033947997","https://openalex.org/W2035059405","https://openalex.org/W2039089261","https://openalex.org/W2048905935","https://openalex.org/W2071212396","https://openalex.org/W2076447525","https://openalex.org/W4239981747","https://openalex.org/W6658893387"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2588899857","https://openalex.org/W4327983820","https://openalex.org/W2491296407","https://openalex.org/W2238502947","https://openalex.org/W2952280370","https://openalex.org/W2511268924","https://openalex.org/W2791638519","https://openalex.org/W2474288807","https://openalex.org/W4200445394","https://openalex.org/W2912086750"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,50],"cloud":[1],"radio":[2],"access":[3],"networks":[4],"(C-RANs),":[5],"the":[6,27,61,93],"baseband":[7],"processing":[8],"units":[9],"(BBUs)":[10],"from":[11],"traditional":[12],"base":[13],"stations":[14],"(BSs)":[15],"are":[16],"virtualized":[17],"and":[18,47],"moved":[19],"into":[20],"a":[21,40,55,65,75,83],"single":[22],"centralized":[23],"location.":[24],"By":[25],"virtualization,":[26],"computing":[28,44],"resources":[29],"of":[30],"BBUs":[31,56],"can":[32],"be":[33],"dynamically":[34],"shared":[35],"among":[36],"all":[37],"cells,":[38],"enabling":[39],"significant":[41],"improvement":[42],"in":[43],"resource":[45],"utilization":[46],"power":[48,62,98],"efficiency.":[49],"this":[51],"letter,":[52],"we":[53],"propose":[54],"virtualization":[57],"scheme":[58,71],"that":[59,92],"minimizes":[60],"consumption":[63,99],"with":[64,87],"linear":[66],"computational":[67],"complexity":[68],"order.":[69],"The":[70],"is":[72],"based":[73],"on":[74],"heuristic":[76],"simulated":[77],"annealing":[78],"(HSA)":[79],"algorithm,":[80],"which":[81],"combines":[82],"bin":[84],"packing":[85],"algorithm":[86],"SA.":[88],"Simulation":[89],"results":[90],"show":[91],"HSA":[94],"effectively":[95],"decreases":[96],"system":[97],"when":[100],"compared":[101],"to":[102],"standard":[103],"approaches.":[104]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}