{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7162123874","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2026.3696220","title":"Few-Sample GNSS Signal LOS/NLOS Identification via Physical-Semantic Distillation From Large Language Models","display_name":"Few-Sample GNSS Signal LOS/NLOS Identification via Physical-Semantic Distillation From Large Language Models","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7162123874","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2026.3696220"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lsp.2026.3696220","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2026.3696220","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120629676","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","issn_l":"1070-9908","issn":["1070-9908","1558-2361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104112736","display_name":"Qi Yao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189210763","display_name":"Yunnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0040axw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qi Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1589-5464","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100404947","display_name":"Jie Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4801-7162"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189210763","display_name":"Yunnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0040axw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingjing Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3414-0621","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136730955","display_name":"Shunfang Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189210763","display_name":"Yunnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0040axw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shunfang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1927-8753","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136732139","display_name":"Zhe Xiao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3004594783","display_name":"Institute of High Performance Computing","ror":"https://ror.org/02n0ejh50","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3004594783","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhe Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of High Performance Computing, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of High Performance Computing, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3004594783"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136729525","display_name":"Ming Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189210763","display_name":"Yunnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0040axw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9517-2125","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.1051,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9848039,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":null,"first_page":"2365","last_page":"2369"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.10939999669790268,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.10939999669790268,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13018","display_name":"Seismology and Earthquake Studies","score":0.07880000025033951,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.07670000195503235,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.6628000140190125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.6134999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.4814000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distillation","display_name":"Distillation","score":0.44040000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-processing","display_name":"Signal processing","score":0.4278999865055084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation-theory","display_name":"Estimation theory","score":0.357699990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.35440000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-modeling","display_name":"Data modeling","score":0.3472000062465668}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.737500011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.6628000140190125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6134999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4814000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204030448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101017","display_name":"Distillation","level":2,"score":0.44040000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.4278999865055084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41920000314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.41100001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167928553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376021","display_name":"Estimation theory","level":2,"score":0.357699990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.35440000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.3472000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3375000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.335099995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.33160001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3312999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129792486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1050419","display_name":"Language identification","level":3,"score":0.32190001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.299699991941452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.2985000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29265498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7047719","display_name":"Noise measurement","level":3,"score":0.2870999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119247159","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1366192","display_name":"System identification","level":3,"score":0.2851000130176544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.275299996137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32283439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1407014","display_name":"Radar tracker","level":3,"score":0.2718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36301306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179435","display_name":"Satellite navigation","level":3,"score":0.26429998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988922011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5449244","display_name":"Filtering theory","level":2,"score":0.25769999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.25609999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118365302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4817115","display_name":"Atmospheric model","level":2,"score":0.25450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.25450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142433447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7806653","display_name":"Time\u2013frequency analysis","level":3,"score":0.25380000472068787}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lsp.2026.3696220","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2026.3696220","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120629676","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","issn_l":"1070-9908","issn":["1070-9908","1558-2361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1248287484","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62361055","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4725628198","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62261059","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Global":[0],"Navigation":[1],"Satellite":[2],"Systems":[3],"(GNSS)":[4],"are":[5],"widely":[6],"used":[7],"for":[8],"positioning":[9],"and":[10,31,84],"navigation,":[11],"yet":[12],"NLOS":[13,62],"signals":[14],"severely":[15],"degrade":[16],"performance":[17],"in":[18],"urban":[19],"environments.":[20],"Existing":[21],"deep":[22],"learning-based":[23],"LOS/NLOS":[24,45],"identification":[25,46],"methods":[26],"require":[27],"large":[28,53],"labeled":[29],"datasets":[30],"lack":[32],"physical":[33],"interpretability.":[34],"To":[35],"address":[36],"this":[37],"issue,":[38],"we":[39],"propose":[40],"a":[41,66,72,77,88],"few-sample":[42],"GNSS":[43],"signal":[44],"framework":[47],"based":[48],"on":[49,76,87],"physical-semantic":[50],"distillation":[51],"from":[52],"language":[54],"models":[55],"(LLMs),":[56],"where":[57],"physics-informed":[58],"reasoning":[59],"generates":[60],"soft":[61],"labels":[63],"to":[64],"guide":[65],"lightweight":[67],"student":[68],"model.":[69],"Experiments":[70],"show":[71],"4.5%":[73],"accuracy":[74],"improvement":[75],"public":[78],"dataset":[79,90],"with":[80],"1%":[81],"training":[82],"data,":[83],"2.4%":[85],"gain":[86],"self-collected":[89],"under":[91],"the":[92],"same":[93],"setting.":[94]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-17T06:14:20.161405","created_date":"2026-05-23T00:00:00"}
