{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7161733430","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2026.3695008","title":"Collaborative Signal Fusion Network for Crowd Counting in Smart City Systems","display_name":"Collaborative Signal Fusion Network for Crowd Counting in Smart City Systems","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7161733430","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2026.3695008"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lsp.2026.3695008","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2026.3695008","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120629676","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","issn_l":"1070-9908","issn":["1070-9908","1558-2361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100444488","display_name":"Kun Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8628-163X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39333907","display_name":"Yanshan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02txfnf15","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kun Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8176-469X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136492588","display_name":"Shengwei Jia","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39333907","display_name":"Yanshan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02txfnf15","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengwei Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052893081","display_name":"Cheng Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2605-2100"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39333907","display_name":"Yanshan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02txfnf15","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136463836","display_name":"Junbin Su","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39333907","display_name":"Yanshan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02txfnf15","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junbin Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136485258","display_name":"Shihui Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39333907","display_name":"Yanshan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02txfnf15","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shihui Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3377-7209","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64611983,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":null,"first_page":"2096","last_page":"2100"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.6180999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.6180999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":0.047600001096725464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11980","display_name":"Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis","score":0.04019999876618385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-city","display_name":"Smart city","score":0.7768999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensor-fusion","display_name":"Sensor fusion","score":0.4666999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crowd-sourcing","display_name":"Crowd sourcing","score":0.3659000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.36340001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fusion","display_name":"Fusion","score":0.3580000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-processing","display_name":"Signal processing","score":0.35179999470710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-card","display_name":"Smart card","score":0.321399986743927}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777103469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1231558","display_name":"Smart city","level":3,"score":0.7768999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6970999836921692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33954974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486494","display_name":"Sensor fusion","level":2,"score":0.4666999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018396927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275969","display_name":"Crowd sourcing","level":2,"score":0.3659000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.36340001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158525013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2593739","display_name":"Fusion","level":2,"score":0.3580000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.35179999470710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.33219999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110406131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41349","display_name":"Smart card","level":2,"score":0.321399986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.32109999656677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176563091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q669238","display_name":"Intelligent sensor","level":3,"score":0.27619999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2750999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51675839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1665681","display_name":"Intelligent Network","level":2,"score":0.26980000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62230096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275969","display_name":"Crowdsourcing","level":2,"score":0.26899999380111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781234732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q943505","display_name":"Fusion center","level":4,"score":0.26759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.2655999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020028006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9158","display_name":"Electronic mail","level":2,"score":0.2583000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982962833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17092450","display_name":"Information fusion","level":2,"score":0.2531999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2522999942302704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.25060001015663147}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lsp.2026.3695008","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2026.3695008","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120629676","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","issn_l":"1070-9908","issn":["1070-9908","1558-2361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.5226278305053711}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G536312171","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"F2023203012","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322163","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6223412973","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62476235","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322163","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Crowd":[0],"counting":[1,12,173],"plays":[2],"an":[3,167],"important":[4],"role":[5],"in":[6,102,125,139,187,195,220],"smart":[7,221],"cities,":[8],"but":[9],"existing":[10],"crowd":[11,52,122,137,172],"methods":[13],"still":[14],"face":[15],"pain":[16],"points":[17],"such":[18,105],"as":[19,106],"insufficient":[20,184],"modal":[21,62,85,159,185],"fusion,":[22],"inadequate":[23,192],"scale":[24,68,112,163,193],"perception,":[25,80],"and":[26,43,66,77,119,127,162,191,208],"high":[27],"model":[28],"complexity.":[29],"In":[30],"view":[31],"of":[32,40,57,100,147,183,217],"these,":[33],"we":[34],"draw":[35],"inspiration":[36],"from":[37],"the":[38,61,67,84,91,98,121,132,145,153,180,215,227],"idea":[39],"collaborative":[41,46,63,69,86,113,160,164],"reasoning":[42,64,70,87,114,161,165],"propose":[44],"a":[45,212],"signal":[47],"fusion":[48,94,186],"network":[49,55,169],"(CSFNet)":[50],"for":[51,170,214],"counting.":[53],"The":[54,111,199],"consists":[56],"two":[58],"core":[59],"modules:":[60],"module":[65,88,115],"module,":[71],"which":[72],"perform":[73],"cross-modal":[74,92],"information":[75,124],"complementarity":[76],"multi-scale":[78,117],"density":[79,138,176,197],"respectively.":[81],"Among":[82],"them,":[83],"fully":[89],"utilizes":[90],"interactive":[93],"mechanism,":[95],"significantly":[96],"enhancing":[97,131],"adaptability":[99],"CSFNet":[101,204],"extreme":[103,188],"environments":[104,190],"darkness,":[107],"fog,":[108],"or":[109],"smog.":[110],"integrates":[116],"features":[118],"explores":[120],"distribution":[123],"local":[126],"global":[128],"features,":[129],"greatly":[130],"network's":[133],"ability":[134],"to":[135,156],"perceive":[136],"scenes":[140],"with":[141],"uneven":[142,196],"distribution.":[143],"To":[144],"best":[146],"our":[148],"knowledge,":[149],"this":[150],"paper":[151],"is":[152],"first":[154],"research":[155],"deeply":[157],"couple":[158],"into":[166],"end-to-end":[168],"RGB-T":[171],"based":[174],"on":[175],"map":[177],"regression,":[178],"addressing":[179],"dual":[181],"challenges":[182],"lighting":[189],"perception":[194],"scenes.":[198],"experimental":[200],"results":[201],"show":[202],"that":[203],"achieves":[205],"competitive":[206],"performance":[207],"state-of-the-art":[209],"complexity,":[210],"providing":[211],"possibility":[213],"deployment":[216],"edge":[218],"devices":[219],"city":[222],"systems.":[223],"We":[224],"will":[225],"release":[226],"code":[228],"at":[229],"<uri":[230],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[231],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">https://github.com/KunChenKKK/CSFNet</uri>.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-04T06:14:18.571774","created_date":"2026-05-20T00:00:00"}