{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408708123","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2025.3553791","title":"Vector Quantization Based Query-Efficient Attack via Direct Preference Optimization","display_name":"Vector Quantization Based Query-Efficient Attack via Direct Preference Optimization","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408708123","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2025.3553791"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lsp.2025.3553791","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2025.3553791","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120629676","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","issn_l":"1070-9908","issn":["1070-9908","1558-2361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102446062","display_name":"Ruijie Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2836-8005"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruijie Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2836-8005","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030187602","display_name":"Yuanfang Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4592-8083"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanfang Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4592-8083","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100754453","display_name":"Chao Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1437-9573"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chao Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1437-9573","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Guohao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1016-5528"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guohao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1016-5528","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100398953","display_name":"Yunhong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8001-2703"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunhong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8001-2703","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9389,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73348477,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":null,"first_page":"1550","last_page":"1554"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11498","display_name":"Security in Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.95169997215271,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11498","display_name":"Security in Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.95169997215271,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9488000273704529,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11612","display_name":"Stochastic Gradient Optimization Techniques","score":0.9437000155448914,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/query-optimization","display_name":"Query optimization","score":0.6288653612136841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6004641056060791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vector-quantization","display_name":"Vector quantization","score":0.5327346920967102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantization","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","score":0.4644581973552704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preference","display_name":"Preference","score":0.4195847809314728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sargable","display_name":"Sargable","score":0.4144328832626343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3551969826221466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2656383514404297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2629806399345398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.2579194903373718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-search-query","display_name":"Web search query","score":0.23940664529800415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.17393237352371216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-engine","display_name":"Search engine","score":0.15595152974128723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.08965292572975159}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157692150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2919848","display_name":"Query optimization","level":2,"score":0.6288653612136841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6004641056060791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199833920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q612536","display_name":"Vector quantization","level":2,"score":0.5327346920967102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4644581973552704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781249084","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908656","display_name":"Preference","level":2,"score":0.4195847809314728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192939062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104840822","display_name":"Sargable","level":4,"score":0.4144328832626343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3551969826221466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2656383514404297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2629806399345398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2579194903373718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164120249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q995982","display_name":"Web search query","level":3,"score":0.23940664529800415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.17393237352371216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97854310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19541","display_name":"Search engine","level":2,"score":0.15595152974128723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.08965292572975159}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lsp.2025.3553791","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2025.3553791","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120629676","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","issn_l":"1070-9908","issn":["1070-9908","1558-2361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G245125927","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"F2024202047","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322163","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5196642116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62272020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7665144123","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U20B2069","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G839568140","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"SKLSDE2023ZX-16","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322163","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2183341477","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2752796333","https://openalex.org/W2774644650","https://openalex.org/W2962847335","https://openalex.org/W2963857521","https://openalex.org/W2969542116","https://openalex.org/W2984699060","https://openalex.org/W3034214559","https://openalex.org/W3097746859","https://openalex.org/W3200993057","https://openalex.org/W4293846201","https://openalex.org/W4296558684","https://openalex.org/W4312227646","https://openalex.org/W4312268651","https://openalex.org/W4312513141","https://openalex.org/W4378382849","https://openalex.org/W4382466178","https://openalex.org/W4390871946","https://openalex.org/W4391235391","https://openalex.org/W4393154890","https://openalex.org/W4393156324","https://openalex.org/W4394828320","https://openalex.org/W4405488334","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6640425456","https://openalex.org/W6695314431","https://openalex.org/W6761551260","https://openalex.org/W6761833289","https://openalex.org/W6764550947","https://openalex.org/W6769581535","https://openalex.org/W6780186808","https://openalex.org/W6809825888","https://openalex.org/W6844413036","https://openalex.org/W6849177959","https://openalex.org/W6852418670","https://openalex.org/W7001091483"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2006459955","https://openalex.org/W2955368753","https://openalex.org/W3125756434","https://openalex.org/W2184296057","https://openalex.org/W203907944","https://openalex.org/W4386051213","https://openalex.org/W2096359267","https://openalex.org/W2992414350","https://openalex.org/W1819934925","https://openalex.org/W185198413"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"work":[1],"studies":[2],"black-box":[3,75],"adversarial":[4,76,100],"attacks":[5,29],"against":[6],"deep":[7],"neural":[8],"networks,":[9],"where":[10],"the":[11,17,21,38,61,103,110,115,132,139],"attacker":[12],"only":[13],"has":[14],"access":[15],"to":[16,97],"query":[18],"feedback":[19],"from":[20],"target":[22,133],"model.":[23],"The":[24],"current":[25],"state-of-the-art":[26],"(SOTA)":[27],"query-efficient":[28,71],"usually":[30],"combine":[31],"transfer-based":[32],"and":[33,53,125,141],"query-based":[34],"methods":[35],"by":[36],"utilizing":[37],"gradient":[39],"or":[40],"initializations":[41],"of":[42,58,143],"surrogate":[43],"models.":[44],"However,":[45],"these":[46],"strategies":[47],"typically":[48],"incur":[49],"significant":[50],"computational":[51],"costs":[52],"require":[54],"a":[55,69,90,119],"large":[56],"number":[57],"queries":[59],"during":[60],"attack":[62],"process.":[63],"In":[64],"this":[65,128],"paper,":[66],"we":[67,88,113],"propose":[68,89],"novel":[70],"method":[72],"for":[73],"generating":[74],"perturbations,":[77],"named":[78],"Vector":[79],"Quantization":[80],"based":[81,93,130],"Query-efficient":[82],"Adversarial":[83],"Perturbation":[84],"generation":[85],"(VQQAP).":[86],"Specifically,":[87],"Nucleus":[91],"Sampling":[92],"Discretization":[94],"Module":[95],"(NSDM)":[96],"create":[98],"diverse":[99],"examples":[101],"in":[102],"discrete":[104],"latent":[105,111],"space.":[106],"To":[107],"directly":[108],"optimize":[109],"vector,":[112],"formulate":[114],"optimization":[116,122],"problem":[117,129],"as":[118],"direct":[120],"preference":[121],"(DPO)":[123],"problem,":[124],"iteratively":[126],"solve":[127],"on":[131],"model":[134],"feedback.":[135],"Experimental":[136],"evaluations":[137],"demonstrate":[138],"effectiveness":[140],"efficiency":[142],"our":[144],"method.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-12-28T23:10:05.387466","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}