{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401443547","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2024.3441490","title":"Characterising Eye Movement Events With Multi-Scale Spatio-Temporal Awareness","display_name":"Characterising Eye Movement Events With Multi-Scale Spatio-Temporal Awareness","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401443547","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2024.3441490"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lsp.2024.3441490","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2024.3441490","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120629676","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","issn_l":"1070-9908","issn":["1070-9908","1558-2361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100343270","display_name":"Yang Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0515-7280"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yang Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0515-7280","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zhiyong Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2636-5298"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiyong Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2636-5298","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071861834","display_name":"Hong Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2246-7552"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086892","display_name":"Education University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/000t0f062","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086892"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hong Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Information Technology, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2246-7552","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Information Technology, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086892"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075078021","display_name":"Kaitai Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6055-9293"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaitai Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032808299","display_name":"Jimin Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1428-5804"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jimin Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x0027;an, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1428-5804","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x0027;an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100343270"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6865,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69565757,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":null,"first_page":"2090","last_page":"2094"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6652608513832092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.5928666591644287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-movement","display_name":"Eye movement","score":0.521821916103363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4969783127307892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/movement","display_name":"Movement (music)","score":0.43770521879196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.39886826276779175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.19257953763008118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.16968461871147156}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6652608513832092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.5928666591644287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153050134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q760256","display_name":"Eye movement","level":2,"score":0.521821916103363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4969783127307892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780226923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929848","display_name":"Movement (music)","level":2,"score":0.43770521879196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.39886826276779175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.19257953763008118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.16968461871147156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986","display_name":"Aesthetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lsp.2024.3441490","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2024.3441490","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120629676","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","issn_l":"1070-9908","issn":["1070-9908","1558-2361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4180260657","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62101416","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1924770834","https://openalex.org/W1965305672","https://openalex.org/W2050492431","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2080000582","https://openalex.org/W2094469348","https://openalex.org/W2102804490","https://openalex.org/W2105964837","https://openalex.org/W2131774270","https://openalex.org/W2428755863","https://openalex.org/W2519270269","https://openalex.org/W2566148191","https://openalex.org/W2590766922","https://openalex.org/W2615100715","https://openalex.org/W2766987159","https://openalex.org/W2803949348","https://openalex.org/W2896962817","https://openalex.org/W2900048091","https://openalex.org/W2948023475","https://openalex.org/W3162448371","https://openalex.org/W3196361078","https://openalex.org/W3198884575","https://openalex.org/W3200683480","https://openalex.org/W4214564305","https://openalex.org/W4281724737","https://openalex.org/W4282830485","https://openalex.org/W4293087246","https://openalex.org/W4304203549","https://openalex.org/W4309210948","https://openalex.org/W4311772362","https://openalex.org/W4312431055","https://openalex.org/W4317496114","https://openalex.org/W4366996639","https://openalex.org/W4377984578","https://openalex.org/W4392667167","https://openalex.org/W6640212811","https://openalex.org/W6726774355","https://openalex.org/W6738580165"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2058170566","https://openalex.org/W2755342338","https://openalex.org/W2772917594","https://openalex.org/W2775347418","https://openalex.org/W2166024367","https://openalex.org/W3116076068","https://openalex.org/W2229312674","https://openalex.org/W2951359407","https://openalex.org/W2079911747","https://openalex.org/W1969923398"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"intricate":[1],"and":[2,18,31,77,88,101],"dynamic":[3],"nature":[4],"of":[5,15,33,56,129,138],"eye":[6,36],"movements":[7],"serves":[8],"as":[9],"a":[10,71,98,103],"window":[11],"into":[12,83],"the":[13,28,52,127,136,139],"realms":[14],"cognition,":[16],"emotion,":[17],"physiological":[19],"responses.":[20],"Event":[21],"detection,":[22,47],"in":[23,27,62],"turn,":[24],"is":[25,110],"instrumental":[26],"precise":[29],"recognition":[30],"categorization":[32],"these":[34],"diverse":[35],"movements.":[37],"Deep":[38],"learning":[39],"methods":[40,146],"have":[41,58],"recently":[42],"been":[43,60],"applied":[44],"to":[45,112],"event":[46],"yielding":[48],"promising":[49],"results.":[50],"However,":[51],"intrinsic":[53],"multi-scale":[54,92],"attributes":[55],"events":[57],"often":[59],"overlooked":[61],"existing":[63],"approaches.":[64],"To":[65],"address":[66],"this,":[67],"we":[68],"introduce":[69],"\u201cGazeUNet\u201d,":[70],"novel":[72],"network":[73],"based":[74],"on":[75],"U-Net":[76,99],"Bi-GRU,":[78],"which":[79],"classifies":[80],"gaze":[81],"samples":[82],"three":[84,130],"categories:":[85],"fixation,":[86],"saccade,":[87],"post-saccadic":[89],"oscillations.":[90],"Firstly,":[91],"spatial":[93],"features":[94],"are":[95],"captured":[96],"using":[97],"model,":[100],"then":[102],"hierarchical":[104],"bidirectional":[105],"gated":[106],"recurrent":[107],"unit":[108],"(Bi-GRU)":[109],"employed":[111],"extract":[113],"temporal":[114],"correlations,":[115],"followed":[116],"by":[117],"classification":[118],"through":[119],"fully":[120],"connected":[121],"layers.":[122],"Our":[123],"results,":[124],"derived":[125],"from":[126],"analysis":[128],"publicly":[131],"available":[132],"datasets,":[133],"consistently":[134],"showcase":[135],"superiority":[137],"proposed":[140],"model":[141],"compared":[142],"with":[143],"other":[144],"state-of-the-art":[145],"across":[147],"all":[148],"categories.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-12-26T23:08:49.675405","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
