{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400070395","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2024.3419691","title":"Detection of QIM-Based Steganography in VoIP Streams: A MobileViT-Inspired Model","display_name":"Detection of QIM-Based Steganography in VoIP Streams: A MobileViT-Inspired Model","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400070395","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2024.3419691"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lsp.2024.3419691","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2024.3419691","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120629676","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","issn_l":"1070-9908","issn":["1070-9908","1558-2361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100439602","display_name":"Cheng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8721-0577"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, the Engineering Research Center of Mine Digitalization Ministry of Education, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8721-0577","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, the Engineering Research Center of Mine Digitalization Ministry of Education, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002351235","display_name":"Shujuan Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0643-0565"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shujuan Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, the Engineering Research Center of Mine Digitalization Ministry of Education, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0643-0565","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, the Engineering Research Center of Mine Digitalization Ministry of Education, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4525,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9016104,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":null,"first_page":"1735","last_page":"1739"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganography","display_name":"Steganography","score":0.705024003982544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6991669535636902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voice-over-ip","display_name":"Voice over IP","score":0.5756024718284607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/streams","display_name":"STREAMS","score":0.5060893893241882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4414992332458496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-watermarking","display_name":"Digital watermarking","score":0.4299320578575134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3806247413158417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.2695775330066681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.22120660543441772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.10671237111091614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.08664682507514954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.0676204264163971}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108801101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15032","display_name":"Steganography","level":3,"score":0.705024003982544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6991669535636902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171246234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81945","display_name":"Voice over IP","level":3,"score":0.5756024718284607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42090638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4048907","display_name":"STREAMS","level":2,"score":0.5060893893241882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4414992332458496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150817343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875932","display_name":"Digital watermarking","level":3,"score":0.4299320578575134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3806247413158417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.2695775330066681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.22120660543441772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.10671237111091614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.08664682507514954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0676204264163971}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lsp.2024.3419691","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2024.3419691","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120629676","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","issn_l":"1070-9908","issn":["1070-9908","1558-2361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5133060907","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61673384","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2020317832","https://openalex.org/W2026170051","https://openalex.org/W2789773147","https://openalex.org/W2911693322","https://openalex.org/W2920628035","https://openalex.org/W2982509922","https://openalex.org/W2997035872","https://openalex.org/W3015786698","https://openalex.org/W3035769874","https://openalex.org/W3083348493","https://openalex.org/W3159015621","https://openalex.org/W3164590246","https://openalex.org/W3217652949","https://openalex.org/W4297775537","https://openalex.org/W4312540108","https://openalex.org/W6737664043","https://openalex.org/W6802648153"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2361629745","https://openalex.org/W2084179496","https://openalex.org/W2107922825","https://openalex.org/W3094285444","https://openalex.org/W1568204688","https://openalex.org/W2381262728","https://openalex.org/W2111592878","https://openalex.org/W1846726187","https://openalex.org/W2521839693","https://openalex.org/W2103238357"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,133],"the":[1,23,35,62,80,94,109,114,129,141,147,163],"past":[2],"decades,":[3],"there":[4],"have":[5],"been":[6],"many":[7],"studies":[8,28],"on":[9,146],"VoIP":[10,48,150,180],"steganalysis":[11,49,57],"models":[12,25],"for":[13],"quantization":[14],"index":[15],"modulation":[16],"(QIM)":[17],"based":[18,145],"steganography.":[19,154],"However,":[20],"most":[21],"of":[22,38,64,102,143,149],"proposed":[24,45],"in":[26,51,117,175,179],"these":[27,39],"did":[29],"not":[30],"consider":[31],"resource":[32,111],"consumption,":[33],"limiting":[34],"application":[36,101],"scenarios":[37],"models.":[40],"Inspired":[41],"by":[42],"MobileViT,":[43],"we":[44,136,139,156],"a":[46,89],"lightweight":[47,161],"model":[50],"this":[52,134],"letter":[53],"named":[54],"LStegT":[55,72,87,118,144,159,172],"(Lightweight":[56],"transformer),":[58],"which":[59],"could":[60,106],"combine":[61],"strengths":[63],"convolutional":[65],"neural":[66],"networks":[67],"(CNN)":[68],"and":[69,152],"transformers.":[70],"First,":[71],"utilizes":[73],"1D":[74],"deep-wise":[75,103],"separable":[76,104],"convolutions":[77,105],"to":[78,92,127],"capture":[79],"correlations":[81,95],"among":[82,96,131],"codewords":[83],"(local":[84],"correlations).":[85,99],"Then,":[86],"applies":[88],"transformer":[90,115],"encoder":[91,116],"encode":[93,128],"frames":[97],"(global":[98],"The":[100],"significantly":[107],"reduce":[108],"computation":[110],"consumption.":[112],"Besides,":[113],"requires":[119],"fewer":[120],"training":[121],"parameters":[122],"because":[123],"it":[124],"only":[125],"needs":[126],"correlation":[130],"frames.":[132],"letter,":[135],"exhibit":[137],"how":[138],"designed":[140],"architecture":[142],"characteristics":[148],"streams":[151],"QIM-based":[153,177],"Also,":[155],"explained":[157],"why":[158],"is":[160],"from":[162],"MobileViT":[164],"perspective.":[165],"Finally,":[166],"our":[167],"experimental":[168],"results":[169],"show":[170],"that":[171],"performs":[173],"superbly":[174],"detecting":[176],"steganography":[178],"streams.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-12-23T23:11:35.936235","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
