{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4398199735","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2024.3404348","title":"S$^{{\\text{3}}}$Seg: A Three-Stage Unsupervised Foreground and Background Segmentation Network","display_name":"S$^{{\\text{3}}}$Seg: A Three-Stage Unsupervised Foreground and Background Segmentation Network","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4398199735","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2024.3404348"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lsp.2024.3404348","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2024.3404348","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120629676","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","issn_l":"1070-9908","issn":["1070-9908","1558-2361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072625124","display_name":"Zhigang Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2710-9343"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I890469752","display_name":"Ministry of Industry and Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0385nmy68","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhigang Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Communication and Information Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, College of Information and Communication Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2710-9343","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Communication and Information Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, College of Information and Communication Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102521581","display_name":"Yahui Shen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I890469752","display_name":"Ministry of Industry and Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0385nmy68","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yahui Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Communication and Information Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, College of Information and Communication Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Communication and Information Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, College of Information and Communication Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101661717","display_name":"Lin Hou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8909-6664"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I890469752","display_name":"Ministry of Industry and Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0385nmy68","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Communication and Information Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, College of Information and Communication Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Communication and Information Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, College of Information and Communication Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070697660","display_name":"Wei Emma Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0406-5974"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5681781","display_name":"The University of Adelaide","ror":"https://ror.org/00892tw58","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5681781"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Emma Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0406-5974","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5681781"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100357700","display_name":"Tao Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6447-6153"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I890469752","display_name":"Ministry of Industry and Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0385nmy68","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Communication and Information Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, College of Information and Communication Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6447-6153","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Communication and Information Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, College of Information and Communication Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0585268,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":null,"first_page":"1484","last_page":"1488"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9876999855041504,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5967583656311035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.590133011341095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5688735842704773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4958690106868744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.46733272075653076}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5967583656311035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.590133011341095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5688735842704773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4958690106868744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.46733272075653076}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lsp.2024.3404348","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2024.3404348","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120629676","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","issn_l":"1070-9908","issn":["1070-9908","1558-2361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2931367841","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"201801P6002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322857","funder_display_name":"Aeronautical Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6615548818","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61201238","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322857","display_name":"Aeronautical Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/02wq41p38"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1797268635","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W2114705035","https://openalex.org/W2886934227","https://openalex.org/W2951048935","https://openalex.org/W2962767316","https://openalex.org/W3034885317","https://openalex.org/W3035149916","https://openalex.org/W3035574324","https://openalex.org/W3038091703","https://openalex.org/W3090123191","https://openalex.org/W3096831136","https://openalex.org/W3107725261","https://openalex.org/W3111084573","https://openalex.org/W3112139896","https://openalex.org/W3129110783","https://openalex.org/W3177388720","https://openalex.org/W3217427959","https://openalex.org/W4214701208","https://openalex.org/W4214762187","https://openalex.org/W4312912979","https://openalex.org/W4382318088","https://openalex.org/W4386072096","https://openalex.org/W4386076033","https://openalex.org/W4386699415","https://openalex.org/W4388145571","https://openalex.org/W4389664665","https://openalex.org/W6638319203","https://openalex.org/W6763331980","https://openalex.org/W6793805516","https://openalex.org/W6795094127","https://openalex.org/W6796538260","https://openalex.org/W6796634059"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2033914206","https://openalex.org/W2042327336","https://openalex.org/W1522196789"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Generative":[0],"adversarial":[1],"networks":[2],"(GANs)":[3],"gather":[4],"increasing":[5],"attention":[6,61],"in":[7],"the":[8,28,54,65,70,81,86,109,119,122,125,128],"field":[9],"of":[10,69,104,121,150],"unsupervised":[11,17,43,158],"image":[12,66,153],"segmentation.":[13],"However,":[14],"most":[15],"GAN-based":[16],"segmentation":[18,29,47,83,149],"methods":[19,159],"cannot":[20],"directly":[21],"segment":[22],"a":[23,41,105,114,135,145,151],"specific":[24],"individual":[25],"image,":[26],"and":[27,45],"performance":[30],"can":[31,74,100],"be":[32],"further":[33],"boosted.":[34],"To":[35],"address":[36],"these":[37],"issues,":[38],"we":[39,57,89,112],"propose":[40],"three-stage":[42],"foreground":[44,123],"background":[46],"network":[48,93],"(S<inline-formula":[49],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[50,139],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><tex-math":[51,140],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$^{{\\text{3}}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>Seg).":[52],"In":[53,85,108],"first":[55],"stage,":[56,88,111],"design":[58],"low-to-high":[59],"dimensional":[60],"(LHA)":[62],"to":[63,94,117,127,147],"enhance":[64],"understanding":[67],"ability":[68],"StyleGAN2":[71],"generator,":[72],"which":[73,99,130],"capture":[75],"more":[76],"effective":[77],"semantic":[78,102],"information":[79],"for":[80,133],"following":[82],"task.":[84],"second":[87],"introduce":[90],"an":[91,96],"inversion":[92],"form":[95],"encoder-generator":[97],"structure,":[98],"acquire":[101],"features":[103],"given":[106,152],"image.":[107],"third":[110],"devise":[113],"radial":[115],"loss":[116],"explore":[118],"edge":[120],"from":[124],"center":[126],"outside,":[129],"is":[131],"beneficial":[132],"producing":[134],"high-quality":[136],"mask.":[137],"S<inline-formula":[138],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$^{{\\text{3}}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>Seg":[141],"not":[142],"only":[143],"provides":[144],"solution":[146],"direct":[148],"but":[154],"also":[155],"outperforms":[156],"previous":[157],"on":[160],"three":[161],"public":[162],"datasets.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-22T23:10:17.713674","created_date":"2024-05-23T00:00:00"}
