{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385756691","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2023.3304540","title":"Multi-Scale Density-Aware Network for Single Image Dehazing","display_name":"Multi-Scale Density-Aware Network for Single Image Dehazing","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385756691","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2023.3304540"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lsp.2023.3304540","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2023.3304540","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120629676","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","issn_l":"1070-9908","issn":["1070-9908","1558-2361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100738072","display_name":"Tao Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0325-7912"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25355098","display_name":"Chang'an University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mxya461","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tao Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, Chang&#x0027;an University, Xi&#x0027;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, Chang&#x0027;an University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101759152","display_name":"Yao Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8711-6201"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25355098","display_name":"Chang'an University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mxya461","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, Chang&#x0027;an University, Xi&#x0027;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, Chang&#x0027;an University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021052588","display_name":"Peng Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1091-7894"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196829312","display_name":"La Trobe University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxfrp27","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196829312"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia","University of Sydney, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196829312"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Sydney, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017578300","display_name":"Ting Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8134-6913"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25355098","display_name":"Chang'an University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mxya461","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ting Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, Chang&#x0027;an University, Xi&#x0027;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, Chang&#x0027;an University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039405690","display_name":"Lidong Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8142-2261"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25355098","display_name":"Chang'an University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mxya461","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lidong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, Chang&#x0027;an University, Xi&#x0027;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, Chang&#x0027;an University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100738072"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4866,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8458269,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":null,"first_page":"1117","last_page":"1121"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7410184144973755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.6322258114814758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5589397549629211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feed-forward","display_name":"Feed forward","score":0.5494210720062256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.5478867292404175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4920003116130829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.4826393723487854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.4691917598247528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.43906962871551514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3347604274749756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3264179825782776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12172067165374756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.07537618279457092}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7410184144973755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.6322258114814758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5589397549629211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38858127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5441228","display_name":"Feed forward","level":2,"score":0.5494210720062256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5478867292404175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4920003116130829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4826393723487854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4691917598247528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.43906962871551514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3347604274749756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3264179825782776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12172067165374756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07537618279457092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lsp.2023.3304540","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2023.3304540","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120629676","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","issn_l":"1070-9908","issn":["1070-9908","1558-2361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.5600000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1990737959","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62001058","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3196644182","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1864204","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8023445152","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52172379","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1990592195","https://openalex.org/W2102166818","https://openalex.org/W2121880036","https://openalex.org/W2133665775","https://openalex.org/W2256362396","https://openalex.org/W2779176852","https://openalex.org/W2792829624","https://openalex.org/W2895176907","https://openalex.org/W2955731188","https://openalex.org/W2963152299","https://openalex.org/W2963677766","https://openalex.org/W2963928582","https://openalex.org/W2964060609","https://openalex.org/W2980047233","https://openalex.org/W2990007814","https://openalex.org/W3008884611","https://openalex.org/W3022662467","https://openalex.org/W3034278302","https://openalex.org/W3035250394","https://openalex.org/W3035601380","https://openalex.org/W3094502228","https://openalex.org/W3164074091","https://openalex.org/W3167082280","https://openalex.org/W3173269149","https://openalex.org/W3176569928","https://openalex.org/W3177127346","https://openalex.org/W3190927651","https://openalex.org/W3194822352","https://openalex.org/W3195087825","https://openalex.org/W3211385606","https://openalex.org/W3216314288","https://openalex.org/W4210364886","https://openalex.org/W4312617404","https://openalex.org/W4312625691","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4386072291","https://openalex.org/W6639824700","https://openalex.org/W6647720530","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6784333009"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2286391053","https://openalex.org/W2982600058","https://openalex.org/W1963486701","https://openalex.org/W2312483540","https://openalex.org/W191745111","https://openalex.org/W1522083559","https://openalex.org/W2007570603","https://openalex.org/W2773679836","https://openalex.org/W2088225762","https://openalex.org/W2002264165"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Dehazing":[0],"based":[1],"on":[2,36,187],"deep":[3],"learning":[4],"has":[5],"attracted":[6],"a":[7,66,77,97,116],"lot":[8],"of":[9,20,91,175],"attention":[10,159],"recently.":[11],"Most":[12],"dehazing":[13],"networks":[14],"seldom":[15],"consider":[16],"two":[17,101,154],"critical":[18],"features":[19,134,145,173],"real":[21,37],"outdoor-scene":[22],"haze,":[23],"<italic":[24],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[25,122],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">i.e.</i>":[26],",":[27],"depth":[28,148],"and":[29,85,100,107,128,143,149,162,177,182],"haze":[30],"density,":[31],"resulting":[32],"in":[33,51,87,139],"degraded":[34],"performance":[35],"hazy":[38,43],"images":[39],"compared":[40],"with":[41],"synthetic":[42],"images.":[44],"Moreover,":[45],"the":[46,52,88,94,112,140,194,198],"uncertainty":[47,138],"problem":[48],"is":[49,58,83],"crucial":[50],"image":[53,74],"restoration":[54],"field,":[55],"but":[56],"it":[57],"often":[59],"ignored.":[60],"In":[61,152],"this":[62],"letter,":[63],"we":[64],"propose":[65],"novel":[67,155],"multi-scale":[68],"density-aware":[69],"network":[70],"(MSDAN)":[71],"for":[72,171],"single":[73],"dehazing,":[75],"where":[76],"key":[78],"dual":[79],"feedback":[80,102,105,109],"module":[81,160,165],"(DFB)":[82],"proposed":[84,168,195],"embedded":[86],"decoder":[89],"part":[90],"MSDAN.":[92],"Furthermore,":[93],"DFB":[95],"includes":[96],"feedforward":[98,113],"mechanism":[99,114],"mechanisms:":[103],"feature":[104,158],"(FF)":[106],"transmission":[108,118,163],"(TF).":[110],"Specifically,":[111],"predicts":[115],"low-scale":[117],"map":[119],"(":[120],"<inline-formula":[121],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><tex-math":[123],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$t$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[124],"-map),":[125],"while":[126],"FF":[127,176],"TF":[129],"aim":[130],"to":[131,135],"enhance":[132],"confident":[133,157,172],"reduce":[136],"model":[137],"training":[141],"process":[142],"correct":[144],"by":[146],"introducing":[147],"density":[150],"information.":[151],"addition,":[153],"modules:":[156],"(CFA)":[161],"adjustment":[164],"(TADJ)":[166],"are":[167,185],"as":[169],"cores":[170],"estimation":[174],"TF,":[178],"respectively.":[179],"Extensive":[180],"quantitative":[181],"qualitative":[183],"experiments":[184],"conducted":[186],"several":[188],"public":[189],"datasets,":[190],"which":[191],"demonstrate":[192],"that":[193],"algorithm":[196],"outperforms":[197],"state-of-the-art":[199],"algorithms.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-03T08:47:05.690250","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}