{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4384519065","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2023.3296038","title":"2D-DOA Estimation for Coherent Signals via a Polarized Uniform Rectangular Array","display_name":"2D-DOA Estimation for Coherent Signals via a Polarized Uniform Rectangular Array","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4384519065","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2023.3296038"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lsp.2023.3296038","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2023.3296038","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120629676","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","issn_l":"1070-9908","issn":["1070-9908","1558-2361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100442929","display_name":"Zhe Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6420-5812"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161350542","display_name":"China Three Gorges University","ror":"https://ror.org/0419nfc77","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161350542"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126203","display_name":"Hubei University of Automotive Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/039m95m06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126203"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhe Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hubei Province Engineering Technology Research Center for Construction Quality Testing Equipments and the College of Computer and Information Technology, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China","Institute of Vehicle Information Control and Network Technology, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6420-5812","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Province Engineering Technology Research Center for Construction Quality Testing Equipments and the College of Computer and Information Technology, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161350542"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Vehicle Information Control and Network Technology, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126203"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025764540","display_name":"Fangqing Wen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6527-4326"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161350542","display_name":"China Three Gorges University","ror":"https://ror.org/0419nfc77","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161350542"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126203","display_name":"Hubei University of Automotive Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/039m95m06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126203"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fangqing Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hubei Province Engineering Technology Research Center for Construction Quality Testing Equipments and the College of Computer and Information Technology, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China","Institute of Vehicle Information Control and Network Technology, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6527-4326","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Province Engineering Technology Research Center for Construction Quality Testing Equipments and the College of Computer and Information Technology, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161350542"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Vehicle Information Control and Network Technology, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126203"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063149968","display_name":"Junpeng Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9910-0663"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junpeng Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Countermeasure, National University of Defense Technology, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9910-0663","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Countermeasure, National University of Defense Technology, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047358306","display_name":"Jin He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6929-6354"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin He","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6929-6354","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087982918","display_name":"Trieu\u2010Kien Truong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5562-9282"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Trieu-Kien Truong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5562-9282","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.2218,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":76,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99312118,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":null,"first_page":"893","last_page":"897"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoothing","display_name":"Smoothing","score":0.7391367554664612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.6446892023086548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/snapshot","display_name":"Snapshot (computer storage)","score":0.5492536425590515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5478305220603943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multipath-propagation","display_name":"Multipath propagation","score":0.5355399250984192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direction-of-arrival","display_name":"Direction of arrival","score":0.5321210026741028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","score":0.52388995885849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.449567973613739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rank","display_name":"Rank (graph theory)","score":0.4442591369152069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.32229453325271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.153601735830307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13867133855819702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.12831911444664001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.12344950437545776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3770464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775963","display_name":"Smoothing","level":2,"score":0.7391367554664612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.6446892023086548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55282118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q252683","display_name":"Snapshot (computer storage)","level":2,"score":0.5492536425590515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5478305220603943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161218011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11827794","display_name":"Multipath propagation","level":3,"score":0.5355399250984192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172051844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5280438","display_name":"Direction of arrival","level":3,"score":0.5321210026741028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.52388995885849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.449567973613739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164226766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293202","display_name":"Rank (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.4442591369152069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.32229453325271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.153601735830307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13867133855819702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.12831911444664001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.12344950437545776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lsp.2023.3296038","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2023.3296038","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120629676","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","issn_l":"1070-9908","issn":["1070-9908","1558-2361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6662867112","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61871218","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1519701936","https://openalex.org/W1966513624","https://openalex.org/W1990675518","https://openalex.org/W2118631481","https://openalex.org/W2120998230","https://openalex.org/W2345336345","https://openalex.org/W2592693527","https://openalex.org/W2774391358","https://openalex.org/W2889832685","https://openalex.org/W2996735031","https://openalex.org/W3030261573","https://openalex.org/W3133732967","https://openalex.org/W3199414540","https://openalex.org/W4229972328","https://openalex.org/W4292825899","https://openalex.org/W4294811438","https://openalex.org/W4312620338","https://openalex.org/W6631070740"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2542847180","https://openalex.org/W1978572805","https://openalex.org/W2383807498","https://openalex.org/W3034994054","https://openalex.org/W1997992934","https://openalex.org/W2394396968","https://openalex.org/W2359299668","https://openalex.org/W1604267224","https://openalex.org/W3088635414","https://openalex.org/W4362680572"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"aims":[2],"to":[3,117],"estimate":[4],"the":[5,23,41,46,50,63,71,92,104,134,142,148],"two":[6,37],"dimensional":[7],"(2D)":[8],"direction-of-arrival":[9],"(DOA)":[10],"using":[11,103],"a":[12,26,75,124],"polarized":[13],"uniform":[14],"rectangular":[15],"array":[16],"(URA)":[17],"under":[18],"multipath":[19],"propagation.":[20],"To":[21],"leverage":[22],"tensorial":[24],"nature,":[25],"parallel":[27],"factor":[28,79],"(PARAFAC)":[29],"model":[30],"is":[31,100],"established,":[32],"in":[33],"which":[34],"it":[35],"comprises":[36],"spatial":[38],"response":[39,43],"matrices,":[40],"polarization":[42],"matrix,":[44],"and":[45,120],"source":[47,51,93],"matrix.":[48,80],"Unfortunately,":[49],"matrix":[52],"exhibits":[53],"rank-deficiency,":[54],"hindering":[55],"effectively":[56],"PARAFAC":[57,84],"decomposition.":[58],"Our":[59],"analysis":[60],"reveals":[61],"that":[62,88],"rank-deficiency":[64],"can":[65],"be":[66],"easily":[67],"resolved":[68],"by":[69,147],"taking":[70],"KhatriRao":[72],"product":[73],"with":[74],"full":[76],"column":[77],"rank":[78],"Consequently,":[81],"three":[82],"rearranged":[83],"tensors":[85],"are":[86,89,115,121,145],"obtained":[87],"free":[90],"of":[91,98,136,141],"matrix's":[94],"rank-deficiency.":[95],"The":[96,112],"estimation":[97,137],"2D-DOA":[99],"then":[101],"performed":[102],"vector":[105],"cross":[106],"product-auxiliary":[107],"rotational":[108],"invariance":[109],"technique":[110],"(VCPARIT).":[111],"proposed":[113,143],"algorithms":[114,144],"insensitive":[116],"inter-sensor":[118],"distance":[119],"suitable":[122],"for":[123],"one-snapshot":[125],"scenario.":[126],"Furthermore,":[127],"they":[128],"outperform":[129],"existing":[130],"smoothing":[131],"methods":[132],"from":[133],"perspective":[135],"accuracy.":[138],"Theoretical":[139],"advantages":[140],"corroborated":[146],"simulations.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":30}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
