{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4288064684","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2022.3194414","title":"Self-Alignment for Black-Box Domain Adaptation of Image Classification","display_name":"Self-Alignment for Black-Box Domain Adaptation of Image Classification","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4288064684","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2022.3194414"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lsp.2022.3194414","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2022.3194414","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120629676","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","issn_l":"1070-9908","issn":["1070-9908","1558-2361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100353377","display_name":"Chang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4959-7541"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, P.R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005026076","display_name":"Lihua Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0370-3337"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lihua Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, P.R. China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0370-3337","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100682790","display_name":"Mao Ye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4760-8702"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mao Ye","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, P.R. China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4760-8702","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100372201","display_name":"Xue Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4515-6792"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160993911","display_name":"Queensland University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03pnv4752","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160993911"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165143802","display_name":"The University of Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xue Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4515-6792","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160993911","https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9287,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78079381,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":null,"first_page":"1709","last_page":"1713"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9613000154495239,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11775","display_name":"COVID-19 diagnosis using AI","score":0.9215999841690063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7952832579612732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.5266052484512329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.5235195755958557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptation","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","score":0.5210744142532349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-box","display_name":"Black box","score":0.5116191506385803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5101338028907776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.48821189999580383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximization","display_name":"Maximization","score":0.4631613492965698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct","display_name":"Construct (python library)","score":0.4587865173816681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain-adaptation","display_name":"Domain adaptation","score":0.4369274973869324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4319777488708496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3995322585105896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3590618968009949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.11275637149810791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.093700110912323}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7952832579612732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5266052484512329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5235195755958557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.5210744142532349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94966114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29256","display_name":"Black box","level":2,"score":0.5116191506385803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5101338028907776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.48821189999580383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776330181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18358244","display_name":"Maximization","level":2,"score":0.4631613492965698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.4587865173816681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776434776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19246213","display_name":"Domain adaptation","level":3,"score":0.4369274973869324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4319777488708496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3995322585105896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3590618968009949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.11275637149810791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.093700110912323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lsp.2022.3194414","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2022.3194414","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120629676","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","issn_l":"1070-9908","issn":["1070-9908","1558-2361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1565327149","https://openalex.org/W1722318740","https://openalex.org/W1984685202","https://openalex.org/W2165698076","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2559542432","https://openalex.org/W2593768305","https://openalex.org/W2627183927","https://openalex.org/W2795155917","https://openalex.org/W2963217615","https://openalex.org/W2963532621","https://openalex.org/W2979920800","https://openalex.org/W2996835107","https://openalex.org/W2998115938","https://openalex.org/W3035480894","https://openalex.org/W3049725806","https://openalex.org/W3119052102","https://openalex.org/W3176663948","https://openalex.org/W3181127262","https://openalex.org/W3192693288","https://openalex.org/W3198430326","https://openalex.org/W3205098981","https://openalex.org/W3213669534","https://openalex.org/W4312283073","https://openalex.org/W6633949838","https://openalex.org/W6683633756","https://openalex.org/W6687400500","https://openalex.org/W6734335776","https://openalex.org/W6750109254","https://openalex.org/W6781503079","https://openalex.org/W6788079038"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2997567050","https://openalex.org/W2047881532","https://openalex.org/W2285795935","https://openalex.org/W4389072557","https://openalex.org/W4319452366","https://openalex.org/W1483272040","https://openalex.org/W4283377908","https://openalex.org/W1533421371","https://openalex.org/W4293695278","https://openalex.org/W2727407240"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recently,":[0],"black-box":[1,49,74],"domain":[2,16,50,75,83],"adaptation":[3,17,51],"attracts":[4],"a":[5,11,20,64,79],"lot":[6],"of":[7,25,38,88],"attention,":[8],"which":[9,58],"is":[10,146],"new":[12],"concept":[13],"to":[14,72,100,115,149,153],"realize":[15,73],"with":[18],"only":[19,54],"cloud":[21,39],"API":[22,99],"service":[23],"instead":[24],"the":[26,34,47,85,102,106,121,134,150],"source":[27,31,97],"data":[28,44,95,108,122,152],"or":[29],"well-trained":[30],"model,":[32],"reflecting":[33],"focus":[35],"on":[36,68,131,136],"development":[37],"services":[40],"and":[41,104,111,128],"concerns":[42],"about":[43],"security.":[45],"However,":[46],"existing":[48],"methods":[52],"always":[53],"use":[55],"high-confidence":[56,110,132],"samples":[57,139],"limits":[59],"their":[60,116,156],"performance.":[61,158,167],"We":[62,77],"propose":[63],"self-alignment":[65],"approach":[66],"based":[67],"statistic":[69],"moment":[70],"matching":[71,120],"adaptation.":[76],"construct":[78],"model":[80,98],"for":[81],"target":[82,94,107,151],"in":[84],"initial":[86],"stage":[87],"our":[89,163],"work.":[90],"Then,":[91],"we":[92],"put":[93],"into":[96,109],"obtain":[101],"pseudo-labels":[103,117],"divide":[105],"low-confidence":[112],"parts":[113,127,138],"according":[114],"confidence.":[118],"By":[119],"distributions":[123],"between":[124],"these":[125],"two":[126],"self-supervised":[129],"learning":[130],"part,":[133],"performance":[135],"both":[137],"can":[140],"be":[141],"boosted":[142],"respectively.":[143],"Information":[144],"maximization":[145],"also":[147],"applied":[148],"further":[154],"improve":[155],"classification":[157],"Experiment":[159],"results":[160],"confirm":[161],"that":[162],"method":[164],"achieves":[165],"state-of-the-art":[166]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
