{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3187420508","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2021.3097241","title":"Real-Time Text Steganalysis Based on Multi-Stage Transfer Learning","display_name":"Real-Time Text Steganalysis Based on Multi-Stage Transfer Learning","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3187420508","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2021.3097241","mag":"3187420508"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lsp.2021.3097241","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2021.3097241","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120629676","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","issn_l":"1070-9908","issn":["1070-9908","1558-2361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084672117","display_name":"Wanli Peng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9636-6928"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wanli Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100434979","display_name":"Jinyu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7341-6830"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinyu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012766424","display_name":"Yiming Xue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6500-3868"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiming Xue","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101488949","display_name":"Zhenghong Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9521-4877"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenghong Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084672117"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8843,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":59,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94914296,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":null,"first_page":"1510","last_page":"1514"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganalysis","display_name":"Steganalysis","score":0.9883556365966797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7832480669021606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganography","display_name":"Steganography","score":0.7293342351913452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.7063947916030884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.650344729423523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.6387338638305664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4128549098968506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.38181814551353455}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107368093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q448176","display_name":"Steganalysis","level":4,"score":0.9883556365966797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7832480669021606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108801101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15032","display_name":"Steganography","level":3,"score":0.7293342351913452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.7063947916030884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.650344729423523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.6387338638305664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4128549098968506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.38181814551353455}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lsp.2021.3097241","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2021.3097241","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120629676","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","issn_l":"1070-9908","issn":["1070-9908","1558-2361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3651703050","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61802410","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4635345548","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61872368","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1533841329","https://openalex.org/W1965997238","https://openalex.org/W2089798121","https://openalex.org/W2095705004","https://openalex.org/W2113459411","https://openalex.org/W2140075254","https://openalex.org/W2618218947","https://openalex.org/W2893556909","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2911759304","https://openalex.org/W2920628035","https://openalex.org/W2947752314","https://openalex.org/W2952265495","https://openalex.org/W2963341956","https://openalex.org/W2963444877","https://openalex.org/W2964121744","https://openalex.org/W2970120757","https://openalex.org/W2971140743","https://openalex.org/W2978017171","https://openalex.org/W2990143630","https://openalex.org/W3037454483","https://openalex.org/W3085519426","https://openalex.org/W3101022597","https://openalex.org/W3109254234","https://openalex.org/W3129832193","https://openalex.org/W3135748828","https://openalex.org/W3170102483","https://openalex.org/W3175755605","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6674330103","https://openalex.org/W6676984168","https://openalex.org/W6755207826","https://openalex.org/W6783752584"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2148973528","https://openalex.org/W2939392096","https://openalex.org/W4243922849","https://openalex.org/W2106726851","https://openalex.org/W4309385482","https://openalex.org/W2792878404","https://openalex.org/W2068740952","https://openalex.org/W1583147569","https://openalex.org/W2182496537","https://openalex.org/W3154843532"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,34,56,62,69,104],"extensive":[2],"use":[3],"of":[4,36,64,71,116],"texts":[5],"on":[6,87],"social":[7],"network,":[8],"text":[9,30,53,72,83,106],"steganography,":[10],"which":[11,32,67],"protects":[12],"several":[13],"sensitive":[14],"messages":[15,38],"by":[16],"embedding":[17],"secret":[18],"data":[19],"into":[20],"normal":[21],"texts,":[22],"has":[23],"attracted":[24],"widespread":[25],"attention.":[26],"As":[27],"an":[28,79],"adversary,":[29],"steganalysis":[31,84,107],"reveals":[33],"existence":[35],"hidden":[37],"is":[39],"also":[40],"important.":[41],"Recently,":[42],"Deep":[43],"Neural":[44],"Networks":[45],"(DNNs)":[46],"have":[47],"led":[48],"to":[49,91],"significant":[50],"improvements":[51],"in":[52,114],"steganalysis.":[54,73],"However,":[55],"deeper":[57],"and":[58,81,95,119],"wider":[59],"DNNs":[60],"cause":[61],"increase":[63],"inference":[65,93,120],"time,":[66],"restricts":[68],"practicality":[70],"In":[74],"this":[75],"paper,":[76],"we":[77],"propose":[78],"effective":[80],"real-time":[82],"method":[85,108],"based":[86],"multi-stage":[88],"transfer":[89],"learning":[90],"enhance":[92],"efficiency":[94],"detection":[96,117],"performance":[97],"simultaneously.":[98],"The":[99],"experimental":[100],"results":[101],"show":[102],"that":[103],"proposed":[105],"can":[109],"outperform":[110],"previously":[111],"reported":[112],"methods":[113],"terms":[115],"accuracy":[118],"efficiency.":[121]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-15T08:11:43.952461","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
