{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3134396415","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2021.3064755","title":"Semidefinite Programming Two-Way TOA Localization for User Devices With Motion and Clock Drift","display_name":"Semidefinite Programming Two-Way TOA Localization for User Devices With Motion and Clock Drift","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3134396415","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2021.3064755","mag":"3134396415"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lsp.2021.3064755","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2021.3064755","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120629676","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","issn_l":"1070-9908","issn":["1070-9908","1558-2361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2103.02635","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006311179","display_name":"Sihao Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6335-1911"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I530967","display_name":"Toronto Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05g13zd79","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sihao Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6335-1911","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100363146","display_name":"Xiao\u2013Ping Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5241-0069"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I530967","display_name":"Toronto Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05g13zd79","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao-Ping Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5241-0069","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043550848","display_name":"Xiaowei Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0545-7408"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaowei Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0545-7408","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032262275","display_name":"Mingquan Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7767-6661"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingquan Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1797,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77544219,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":null,"first_page":"578","last_page":"582"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12879","display_name":"Distributed Sensor Networks and Detection Algorithms","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semidefinite-programming","display_name":"Semidefinite programming","score":0.8237292170524597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maxima-and-minima","display_name":"Maxima and minima","score":0.7866543531417847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.6394157409667969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relaxation","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","score":0.6345149874687195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5828112959861755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5370020270347595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterative-method","display_name":"Iterative method","score":0.5113136768341064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.4833492934703827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4662322998046875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.39236071705818176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.092987060546875}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101901036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2269096","display_name":"Semidefinite programming","level":2,"score":0.8237292170524597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186633575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845060","display_name":"Maxima and minima","level":2,"score":0.7866543531417847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.6394157409667969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776029896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3935810","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6345149874687195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5828112959861755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5370020270347595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159694833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2321565","display_name":"Iterative method","level":2,"score":0.5113136768341064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.4833492934703827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4662322998046875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.39236071705818176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.092987060546875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lsp.2021.3064755","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2021.3064755","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120629676","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","issn_l":"1070-9908","issn":["1070-9908","1558-2361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2103.02635","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2103.02635","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2103.02635","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2103.02635","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2103.02635","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2103.02635","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W250076511","https://openalex.org/W1568307856","https://openalex.org/W1607626080","https://openalex.org/W1965392255","https://openalex.org/W1975847068","https://openalex.org/W2008457674","https://openalex.org/W2049444669","https://openalex.org/W2050433409","https://openalex.org/W2076065673","https://openalex.org/W2092323252","https://openalex.org/W2113642685","https://openalex.org/W2120350100","https://openalex.org/W2127263006","https://openalex.org/W2134746901","https://openalex.org/W2136508742","https://openalex.org/W2141833981","https://openalex.org/W2154347068","https://openalex.org/W2305658817","https://openalex.org/W2325819075","https://openalex.org/W2335083313","https://openalex.org/W2398038344","https://openalex.org/W2507251263","https://openalex.org/W2597619747","https://openalex.org/W2776024871","https://openalex.org/W2790475903","https://openalex.org/W2902750893","https://openalex.org/W2911217835","https://openalex.org/W2920594953","https://openalex.org/W2922010967","https://openalex.org/W2946596397","https://openalex.org/W2946931672","https://openalex.org/W2964029185","https://openalex.org/W2972776893","https://openalex.org/W2989698267","https://openalex.org/W2999670184","https://openalex.org/W3006893503","https://openalex.org/W3045471919","https://openalex.org/W3098689266","https://openalex.org/W3107185102","https://openalex.org/W6786020312"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2375684291","https://openalex.org/W2354676191","https://openalex.org/W3188646203","https://openalex.org/W136674370","https://openalex.org/W4246278799","https://openalex.org/W2909957174","https://openalex.org/W2105527480","https://openalex.org/W2052387497","https://openalex.org/W2050203848","https://openalex.org/W2412311587"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,58],"two-way":[1,35],"time-of-arrival":[2],"(TOA)":[3],"systems,":[4],"a":[5,16,67,74],"user":[6],"device":[7],"(UD)":[8],"obtains":[9],"its":[10],"position":[11],"by":[12,70,117],"round-trip":[13],"communications":[14],"to":[15,46,106],"number":[17],"of":[18,28,128],"anchor":[19],"nodes":[20],"(ANs)":[21],"at":[22],"known":[23],"locations.":[24],"The":[25],"objective":[26],"function":[27],"the":[29,41,48,54,63,93,102,107,114,129,134],"maximum":[30],"likelihood":[31],"(ML)":[32],"method":[33,45,81,136],"for":[34,82,137],"TOA":[36],"localization":[37,80,115,125],"is":[38],"nonconvex.":[39],"Thus,":[40],"widely-adopted":[42],"Gauss-Newton":[43],"iterative":[44,94],"solve":[47],"ML":[49],"estimator":[50,65],"usually":[51],"suffers":[52],"from":[53],"local":[55,100],"minima":[56],"problem.":[57],"this":[59],"letter,":[60],"we":[61],"convert":[62],"original":[64],"into":[66,99],"convex":[68],"problem":[69],"relaxation,":[71],"and":[72,111,132],"develop":[73],"new":[75],"semidefinite":[76],"programming":[77],"(SDP)":[78],"based":[79],"moving":[83],"UDs,":[84,139],"namely":[85],"SDP-M.":[86],"Numerical":[87],"result":[88],"demonstrates":[89],"that":[90],"compared":[91],"with":[92,144],"method,":[95],"which":[96,140],"often":[97],"fall":[98],"minima,":[101],"SDP-M":[103],"always":[104],"converge":[105],"global":[108],"optimal":[109],"solution":[110],"significantly":[112],"reduces":[113],"error":[116,143],"more":[118],"than":[119],"40%.":[120],"It":[121],"also":[122],"has":[123,141],"stable":[124],"accuracy":[126],"regardless":[127],"UD":[130,146],"movement,":[131],"outperforms":[133],"conventional":[135],"stationary":[138],"larger":[142],"growing":[145],"velocity.":[147]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-03T08:13:44.112507","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}