{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2976196855","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2019.2944004","title":"ConflictNET: End-to-End Learning for Speech-Based Conflict Intensity Estimation","display_name":"ConflictNET: End-to-End Learning for Speech-Based Conflict Intensity Estimation","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-09-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2976196855","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2019.2944004","mag":"2976196855"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lsp.2019.2944004","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2019.2944004","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120629676","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","issn_l":"1070-9908","issn":["1070-9908","1558-2361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/60041/2/Cavallaro%20ConflictNET%20End-to-End%202019%20Accepted.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071287333","display_name":"Vandana Rajan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2250-1688"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vandana Rajan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Intelligent Sensing, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2250-1688","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Intelligent Sensing, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066363315","display_name":"Alessio Brutti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4146-3071"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2277624104","display_name":"Fondazione Bruno Kessler","ror":"https://ror.org/01j33xk10","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2277624104"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessio Brutti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Povo, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4146-3071","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Povo, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2277624104"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004087827","display_name":"Andrea Cavallaro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5086-7858"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Cavallaro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Intelligent Sensing, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Intelligent Sensing, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071287333"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5894,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87972322,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"11","first_page":"1668","last_page":"1672"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8242760896682739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metadata","display_name":"Metadata","score":0.6220538020133972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5257718563079834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5109073519706726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4716944992542267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.4532044231891632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.45311176776885986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/end-to-end-principle","display_name":"End-to-end principle","score":0.45121055841445923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4497700035572052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3694950342178345}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8242760896682739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93518851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180160","display_name":"Metadata","level":2,"score":0.6220538020133972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5257718563079834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5109073519706726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4716944992542267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.4532044231891632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.45311176776885986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74296488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2527392","display_name":"End-to-end principle","level":2,"score":0.45121055841445923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4497700035572052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3694950342178345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lsp.2019.2944004","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2019.2944004","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120629676","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","issn_l":"1070-9908","issn":["1070-9908","1558-2361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:qmro.qmul.ac.uk:123456789/60041","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/60041","pdf_url":"https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/60041/2/Cavallaro%20ConflictNET%20End-to-End%202019%20Accepted.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400530","display_name":"Queen Mary Research Online (Queen Mary University of London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","host_organization_name":"Queen Mary University of London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:qmro.qmul.ac.uk:123456789/60041","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/60041","pdf_url":"https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/60041/2/Cavallaro%20ConflictNET%20End-to-End%202019%20Accepted.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400530","display_name":"Queen Mary Research Online (Queen Mary University of London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","host_organization_name":"Queen Mary University of London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4099999964237213,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2976196855.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W222640417","https://openalex.org/W274556615","https://openalex.org/W1836465849","https://openalex.org/W1990953335","https://openalex.org/W1991092308","https://openalex.org/W1991290004","https://openalex.org/W2003502731","https://openalex.org/W2031121676","https://openalex.org/W2054519784","https://openalex.org/W2069143585","https://openalex.org/W2078384373","https://openalex.org/W2080576537","https://openalex.org/W2085662862","https://openalex.org/W2114095317","https://openalex.org/W2144005487","https://openalex.org/W2395201778","https://openalex.org/W2399733683","https://openalex.org/W2406872653","https://openalex.org/W2408390787","https://openalex.org/W2514170666","https://openalex.org/W2514643877","https://openalex.org/W2547646818","https://openalex.org/W2742965906","https://openalex.org/W2805173585","https://openalex.org/W2805659291","https://openalex.org/W2889342907","https://openalex.org/W2889467522","https://openalex.org/W2889717020","https://openalex.org/W2892071465","https://openalex.org/W6638667902","https://openalex.org/W6681409903","https://openalex.org/W6713806118","https://openalex.org/W6713824686"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2392768766","https://openalex.org/W2058118494","https://openalex.org/W2095118173","https://openalex.org/W2382021449","https://openalex.org/W2104269053","https://openalex.org/W2106424170","https://openalex.org/W2501188010","https://openalex.org/W4299935056","https://openalex.org/W2010935248","https://openalex.org/W2768810474"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Computational":[0],"paralinguistics":[1],"aims":[2],"to":[3,53,128],"infer":[4],"human":[5],"emotions,":[6],"personality":[7],"traits":[8],"and":[9,31,44,64,75,86,95],"behavioural":[10],"patterns":[11],"from":[12,116],"speech":[13,77,118,136],"signals.":[14],"In":[15],"particular,":[16],"verbal":[17,48,138],"conflict":[18,49,139],"is":[19],"an":[20],"important":[21],"example":[22],"of":[23,36,40,47,67,73,135,153,174],"human-interaction":[24],"behaviour,":[25],"whose":[26],"detection":[27,43],"would":[28],"enable":[29],"monitoring":[30],"feedback":[32],"in":[33,172],"a":[34,143],"variety":[35],"applications.":[37],"The":[38],"majority":[39],"methods":[41],"for":[42],"intensity":[45],"estimation":[46],"apply":[50],"off-the-shelf":[51],"classifiers/regressors":[52],"generic":[54],"hand-crafted":[55],"acoustic":[56],"features.":[57],"Generating":[58],"conflict-specific":[59,113],"features":[60,114],"requires":[61],"refinement":[62],"steps":[63],"the":[65,71,104,131,149,154,160],"availability":[66],"metadata,":[68],"such":[69],"as":[70,88],"number":[72],"speakers":[74],"their":[76],"overlap":[78],"duration.":[79],"Moreover,":[80],"most":[81],"techniques":[82],"treat":[83],"feature":[84],"extraction":[85],"regression":[87],"independent":[89],"modules,":[90],"which":[91],"require":[92],"separate":[93],"training":[94],"parameter":[96],"tuning.":[97],"To":[98],"address":[99],"these":[100],"limitations,":[101],"we":[102,141],"propose":[103],"first":[105],"end-to-end":[106,167],"convolutional-recurrent":[107],"neural":[108],"network":[109],"architecture":[110,168],"that":[111,147,165],"learns":[112,148],"directly":[115],"raw":[117],"waveforms,":[119],"without":[120],"using":[121],"explicit":[122],"domain":[123],"knowledge":[124],"or":[125],"metadata.":[126],"Additionally,":[127],"selectively":[129],"focus":[130],"model":[132],"on":[133,159],"portions":[134],"containing":[137],"instances,":[140],"include":[142],"global":[144],"attention":[145],"interface":[146],"alignment":[150],"between":[151],"layers":[152],"recurrent":[155],"network.":[156],"Experimental":[157],"results":[158],"SSPNet":[161],"Conflict":[162],"Corpus":[163],"show":[164],"our":[166],"achieves":[169],"state-of-the-art":[170],"performance":[171],"terms":[173],"Pearson":[175],"Correlation":[176],"Coefficient.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
