{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2793775504","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2018.2850222","title":"Nonlocality-Reinforced Convolutional Neural Networks for Image Denoising","display_name":"Nonlocality-Reinforced Convolutional Neural Networks for Image Denoising","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-06-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2793775504","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2018.2850222","mag":"2793775504"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lsp.2018.2850222","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2018.2850222","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120629676","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","issn_l":"1070-9908","issn":["1070-9908","1558-2361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1803.02112","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063143100","display_name":"Crist\u00f3v\u00e3o Cruz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0538-7139"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Cristovao Cruz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Noiseless Imaging Ltd., Tampere, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Noiseless Imaging Ltd., Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063956725","display_name":"Alessandro Foi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8228-3187"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandro Foi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Noiseless Imaging Ltd., Tampere, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Noiseless Imaging Ltd., Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053964818","display_name":"Vladimir Katkovnik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3478-0669"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vladimir Katkovnik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Noiseless Imaging Ltd., Tampere, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Noiseless Imaging Ltd., Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090213299","display_name":"Karen Egiazarian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8135-1085"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karen Egiazarian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Noiseless Imaging Ltd., Tampere, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Noiseless Imaging Ltd., Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063143100"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.4889,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":116,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97497091,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"8","first_page":"1216","last_page":"1220"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-nonlocality","display_name":"Quantum nonlocality","score":0.8179023265838623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6841500997543335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6128942370414734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise-reduction","display_name":"Noise reduction","score":0.5868995189666748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5419595241546631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.45803287625312805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.456841379404068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-denoising","display_name":"Image denoising","score":0.4560241401195526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3948000967502594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10435137152671814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-entanglement","display_name":"Quantum entanglement","score":0.07259836792945862}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138622882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7269079","display_name":"Quantum nonlocality","level":4,"score":0.8179023265838623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6841500997543335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6128942370414734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163294075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581861","display_name":"Noise reduction","level":2,"score":0.5868995189666748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5419595241546631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.45803287625312805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.456841379404068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983327147","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581861","display_name":"Image denoising","level":3,"score":0.4560241401195526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3948000967502594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10435137152671814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121040770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215675","display_name":"Quantum entanglement","level":3,"score":0.07259836792945862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lsp.2018.2850222","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2018.2850222","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120629676","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","issn_l":"1070-9908","issn":["1070-9908","1558-2361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1803.02112","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1803.02112","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1803.02112","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:trepo.tuni.fi:10024/214342","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://trepo.tuni.fi/handle/10024/214342","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055260","display_name":"Trepo - Institutional Repository of Tampere University","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1803.02112","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1803.02112","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1803.02112","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.75,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3948175119","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"287150","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335063","funder_display_name":"Luonnontieteiden ja Tekniikan Tutkimuksen Toimikunta"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4732146592","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"310779","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335063","funder_display_name":"Luonnontieteiden ja Tekniikan Tutkimuksen Toimikunta"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335063","display_name":"Luonnontieteiden ja Tekniikan Tutkimuksen Toimikunta","ror":"https://ror.org/05k73zm37"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1514349372","https://openalex.org/W1906770428","https://openalex.org/W1968660339","https://openalex.org/W1973207753","https://openalex.org/W1998419211","https://openalex.org/W2009548700","https://openalex.org/W2021347102","https://openalex.org/W2056370875","https://openalex.org/W2135065661","https://openalex.org/W2157803030","https://openalex.org/W2163761533","https://openalex.org/W2505029951","https://openalex.org/W2508457857","https://openalex.org/W2551161082","https://openalex.org/W2605697941","https://openalex.org/W2613155248","https://openalex.org/W2949846184","https://openalex.org/W2963814976","https://openalex.org/W2964046397","https://openalex.org/W3104725225","https://openalex.org/W3105259917","https://openalex.org/W4294996506","https://openalex.org/W6684111346","https://openalex.org/W6729575493","https://openalex.org/W6729983426","https://openalex.org/W6736230796","https://openalex.org/W6785903516"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2895947835","https://openalex.org/W2087258800","https://openalex.org/W2810018092","https://openalex.org/W2387428419","https://openalex.org/W2098237619","https://openalex.org/W1974034585","https://openalex.org/W2353444452","https://openalex.org/W2001438600","https://openalex.org/W2499707420","https://openalex.org/W2768483690"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"introduce":[1],"a":[2,15,18,23,31,36,70],"paradigm":[3],"for":[4],"nonlocal":[5,32,37,71,105],"sparsity":[6],"reinforced":[7],"deep":[8],"convolutional":[9,24],"neural":[10,25,79],"network":[11,26],"denoising.":[12],"It":[13],"is":[14,67,94,115],"combination":[16],"of":[17,46,61,89,109],"local":[19],"multiscale":[20],"denoising":[21,33],"by":[22,69],"(CNN)":[27],"based":[28,34],"denoiser":[29],"and":[30,96],"on":[35],"filter":[38],"(NLF),":[39],"exploiting":[40],"the":[41,75,83,87,90,110],"mutual":[42],"similarities":[43],"between":[44],"groups":[45],"patches.":[47],"CNN":[48],"models":[49],"are":[50],"leveraged":[51],"with":[52,103],"noise":[53],"levels":[54],"that":[55,81],"progressively":[56],"decrease":[57],"at":[58],"every":[59],"iteration":[60],"our":[62,92],"framework,":[63,112],"while":[64],"their":[65],"output":[66],"regularized":[68],"prior":[72,85],"implicit":[73],"within":[74,86],"NLF.":[76],"Unlike":[77],"complicated":[78],"networks":[80],"embed":[82],"nonlocality":[84],"layers":[88],"network,":[91],"framework":[93],"modular,":[95],"it":[97],"uses":[98],"standard":[99,104],"pretrained":[100],"CNNs":[101],"together":[102],"filters.":[106],"An":[107],"instance":[108],"proposed":[111],"called":[113],"NN3D,":[114],"evaluated":[116],"over":[117],"large":[118],"grayscale":[119],"image":[120],"datasets":[121],"showing":[122],"state-of-the-art":[123],"performance.":[124]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-29T08:15:47.926485","created_date":"2020-11-23T00:00:00"}