{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2418139591","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2016.2575100","title":"Spatial Steganalysis Using Contrast of Residuals","display_name":"Spatial Steganalysis Using Contrast of Residuals","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-06-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2418139591","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2016.2575100","mag":"2418139591"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lsp.2016.2575100","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2016.2575100","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120629676","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","issn_l":"1070-9908","issn":["1070-9908","1558-2361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101786559","display_name":"Jiang Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4845-4525"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113940042","display_name":"Shanghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/006teas31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiang Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Communication and Information Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communication and Information Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001193910","display_name":"Fengyong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3385-8164"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23632641","display_name":"Shanghai University of Electric Power","ror":"https://ror.org/02w4tny03","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23632641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fengyong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23632641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089664772","display_name":"Hang Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2443-2820"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80947539","display_name":"Fuzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/011xvna82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113940042","display_name":"Shanghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/006teas31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hang Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mathematics and Computer Science, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China","School of Communication and Information Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mathematics and Computer Science, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communication and Information Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071724015","display_name":"Xinpeng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5867-1315"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113940042","display_name":"Shanghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/006teas31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinpeng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Communication and Information Engineering and the Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communication and Information Engineering and the Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101786559"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5051,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92974978,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"7","first_page":"989","last_page":"992"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9905999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9847000241279602,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganalysis","display_name":"Steganalysis","score":0.9391334056854248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curse-of-dimensionality","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","score":0.6686026453971863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6237527132034302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.5986481308937073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.5762245655059814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5746752023696899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5491806864738464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4982621669769287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.43880799412727356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","score":0.42251813411712646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.42235270142555237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantization","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","score":0.4165681004524231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uncompressed-video","display_name":"Uncompressed video","score":0.41355764865875244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganography","display_name":"Steganography","score":0.35023361444473267}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107368093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q448176","display_name":"Steganalysis","level":4,"score":0.9391334056854248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111030470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430460","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","level":2,"score":0.6686026453971863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6237527132034302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.5986481308937073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5762245655059814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5746752023696899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5491806864738464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4982621669769287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.43880799412727356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.42251813411712646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.42235270142555237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4165681004524231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162478608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4011369","display_name":"Uncompressed video","level":4,"score":0.41355764865875244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108801101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15032","display_name":"Steganography","level":3,"score":0.35023361444473267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202474056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931635","display_name":"Video tracking","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lsp.2016.2575100","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2016.2575100","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120629676","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","issn_l":"1070-9908","issn":["1070-9908","1558-2361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1266533298","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"16XD1401200","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335796","funder_display_name":"Program of Shanghai Academic Research Leader"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3013396789","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61525203","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5751738073","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61472235","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8979213738","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"16ZR1413100","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309612","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309612","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335796","display_name":"Program of Shanghai Academic Research Leader","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1518402653","https://openalex.org/W1955882805","https://openalex.org/W1976570511","https://openalex.org/W2009130368","https://openalex.org/W2031466562","https://openalex.org/W2040299224","https://openalex.org/W2055741016","https://openalex.org/W2106663508","https://openalex.org/W2117500881","https://openalex.org/W2119199090","https://openalex.org/W2124664712","https://openalex.org/W2134527668","https://openalex.org/W2139842737","https://openalex.org/W2151346626","https://openalex.org/W2156909104","https://openalex.org/W2542290803","https://openalex.org/W3161625325"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2148973528","https://openalex.org/W2939392096","https://openalex.org/W4243922849","https://openalex.org/W2106726851","https://openalex.org/W4309385482","https://openalex.org/W2792878404","https://openalex.org/W2068740952","https://openalex.org/W1583147569","https://openalex.org/W2182496537","https://openalex.org/W3154843532"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"letter":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,24],"novel":[4],"scheme":[5,109],"for":[6],"spatial":[7],"steganalysis":[8,69],"based":[9],"on":[10,112],"contrast":[11],"of":[12,53,61,85,96,103,107],"residuals":[13,28,54],"(CoR).":[14],"After":[15],"selecting":[16],"complex":[17],"blocks":[18,34],"from":[19,31],"an":[20,48],"uncompressed":[21],"image":[22,38],"by":[23],"fluctuation":[25],"function,":[26],"the":[27,32,36,51,58,67,72,82,94,101,118,123],"are":[29],"calculated":[30],"selected":[33],"and":[35,50,77,81,114,117],"whole":[37],"after":[39],"applying":[40],"diverse":[41],"filters.":[42],"The":[43,105],"CoR":[44,125],"is":[45,55,64,79,90,98,110],"represented":[46],"as":[47,57,66],"angle":[49],"norm":[52],"considered":[56],"corresponding":[59],"weight":[60],"angle,":[62],"which":[63],"used":[65],"new":[68],"feature.":[70],"In":[71],"proposed":[73,108,124],"scheme,":[74],"no":[75],"quantization":[76],"truncation":[78],"required":[80],"effective":[83],"information":[84],"long-range":[86],"dependencies":[87],"among":[88],"pixels":[89],"kept":[91],"properly.":[92],"Also,":[93],"dimensionality":[95],"feature":[97,126],"linear":[99],"with":[100,134],"number":[102],"residuals.":[104],"accuracy":[106],"evaluated":[111],"HUGO":[113],"WOW":[115],"algorithms,":[116],"experimental":[119],"results":[120],"show":[121],"that":[122],"has":[127],"superior":[128],"performance":[129],"at":[130],"low":[131],"embedding":[132],"rate":[133],"lower":[135],"dimensionality.":[136]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}