{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2075965608","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2012.2187334","title":"An Improved Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted Images Using Side Match","display_name":"An Improved Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted Images Using Side Match","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-02-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2075965608","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2012.2187334","mag":"2075965608"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lsp.2012.2187334","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2012.2187334","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120629676","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","issn_l":"1070-9908","issn":["1070-9908","1558-2361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051928752","display_name":"Wien Hong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2873-0190"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13521601","display_name":"Yu Da University","ror":"https://ror.org/03bej0y93","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13521601"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wien Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Management, Yu Da University, Miaoli, Taiwan","Dept. of Inf. Manage., Yu Da Univ., Miaoli, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Management, Yu Da University, Miaoli, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13521601"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Inf. Manage., Yu Da Univ., Miaoli, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13521601"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070790321","display_name":"Tung-Shou Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5307-1043"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131948415","display_name":"National Taichung University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05bgcav40","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131948415"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tung-Shou Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan","(Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131948415"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131948415"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040213292","display_name":"Han-Yan Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13521601","display_name":"Yu Da University","ror":"https://ror.org/03bej0y93","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13521601"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Han-Yan Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Management, Yu Da University, Miaoli, Taiwan","Dept. of Inf. Manage., Yu Da Univ., Miaoli, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Management, Yu Da University, Miaoli, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13521601"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Inf. Manage., Yu Da Univ., Miaoli, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13521601"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":29.1524,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":654,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99752063,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"4","first_page":"199","last_page":"202"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.7586874961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoothness","display_name":"Smoothness","score":0.7584323287010193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-hiding","display_name":"Information hiding","score":0.747045636177063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.7362076640129089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.6582685708999634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6551433801651001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.5445218086242676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correctness","display_name":"Correctness","score":0.5416834950447083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5274170637130737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4823122024536133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block-size","display_name":"Block size","score":0.45250874757766724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-set","display_name":"Data set","score":0.44247934222221375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4384259283542633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3603580594062805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3478183150291443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.29437321424484253}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.7586874961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102634674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868473","display_name":"Smoothness","level":2,"score":0.7584323287010193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3073032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15912075","display_name":"Information hiding","level":3,"score":0.747045636177063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.7362076640129089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.6582685708999634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6551433801651001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5445218086242676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55439883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360812","display_name":"Correctness","level":2,"score":0.5416834950447083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5274170637130737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4823122024536133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41431624","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053357","display_name":"Block size","level":3,"score":0.45250874757766724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58489278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172284","display_name":"Data set","level":2,"score":0.44247934222221375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4384259283542633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3603580594062805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3478183150291443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.29437321424484253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lsp.2012.2187334","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2012.2187334","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120629676","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","issn_l":"1070-9908","issn":["1070-9908","1558-2361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1974641035","https://openalex.org/W2010380519","https://openalex.org/W2059615500","https://openalex.org/W2115457096","https://openalex.org/W2121393355","https://openalex.org/W2134071212","https://openalex.org/W2135459805","https://openalex.org/W2137288380","https://openalex.org/W2164594514","https://openalex.org/W2170269447","https://openalex.org/W3209866323"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3008339103","https://openalex.org/W2404647514","https://openalex.org/W1667647204","https://openalex.org/W4247536566","https://openalex.org/W3119814709","https://openalex.org/W2018477250","https://openalex.org/W1508895727","https://openalex.org/W4241418540","https://openalex.org/W2725786787","https://openalex.org/W2907504581"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,92],"letter":[1,93],"proposes":[2],"an":[3,19],"improved":[4],"version":[5],"of":[6,34,37,66,79,89,102,115,145,149,162],"Zhang's":[7,54,129,163],"reversible":[8],"data":[9,41,90],"hiding":[10],"method":[11,124,152],"in":[12,62,76],"encrypted":[13,20],"images.":[14],"The":[15,40,117],"original":[16],"work":[17,55],"partitions":[18],"image":[21,44,148],"into":[22],"blocks,":[23,103],"and":[24,43,69,104],"each":[25,67],"block":[26,52,68,135],"carries":[27],"one":[28],"bit":[29],"by":[30,49],"flipping":[31],"three":[32],"LSBs":[33],"a":[35,95],"set":[36,138],"pre-defined":[38],"pixels.":[39],"extraction":[42],"recovery":[45],"can":[46],"be":[47],"achieved":[48],"examining":[50],"the":[51,60,64,73,77,87,100,106,112,122,134,142,146,150],"smoothness.":[53],"did":[56,70],"not":[57,71],"fully":[58],"exploit":[59],"pixels":[61],"calculating":[63],"smoothness":[65,101],"consider":[72],"pixel":[74],"correlations":[75],"border":[78],"neighboring":[80],"blocks.":[81],"These":[82],"two":[83],"issues":[84],"could":[85],"reduce":[86],"correctness":[88],"extraction.":[91],"adopts":[94],"better":[96,126],"scheme":[97,108],"for":[98],"measuring":[99],"uses":[105],"side-match":[107],"to":[109,139],"further":[110],"decrease":[111],"error":[113,143],"rate":[114,144],"extracted-bits.":[116],"experimental":[118],"results":[119],"reveal":[120],"that":[121],"proposed":[123,151],"offers":[125],"performance":[127],"over":[128],"work.":[130,164],"For":[131],"example,":[132],"when":[133],"size":[136],"is":[137,153,157],"8":[140],"8,":[141],"Lena":[147],"0.":[154],"34%,":[155],"which":[156],"significantly":[158],"lower":[159],"than":[160],"1.21%":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":50},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":67},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":72},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":52},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":62},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":64},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":56},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":55},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":52},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}