{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2129688096","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2011.2140396","title":"Enhanced Seam Carving via Integration of Energy Gradient Functionals","display_name":"Enhanced Seam Carving via Integration of Energy Gradient Functionals","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-04-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2129688096","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2011.2140396","mag":"2129688096"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lsp.2011.2140396","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2011.2140396","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120629676","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","issn_l":"1070-9908","issn":["1070-9908","1558-2361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067850264","display_name":"Michael Frankovich","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Frankovich","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ONT, Canada","University of Waterloo Waterloo ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo Waterloo ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034161060","display_name":"Alexander Wong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5295-2797"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ONT, Canada","University of Waterloo Waterloo ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo Waterloo ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1407,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":40,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93337181,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"6","first_page":"375","last_page":"378"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11605","display_name":"Visual Attention and Saliency Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11605","display_name":"Visual Attention and Saliency Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seam-carving","display_name":"Seam carving","score":0.9874118566513062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retargeting","display_name":"Retargeting","score":0.8352407217025757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maxima-and-minima","display_name":"Maxima and minima","score":0.7537156343460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.675760805606842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.6632503271102905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carving","display_name":"Carving","score":0.6370289921760559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5965511202812195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5468076467514038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5236582159996033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.48484551906585693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.33026444911956787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.23821809887886047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08845141530036926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.0720440149307251}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23746413","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1141379","display_name":"Seam carving","level":3,"score":0.9874118566513062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780575108","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7316652","display_name":"Retargeting","level":2,"score":0.8352407217025757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186633575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845060","display_name":"Maxima and minima","level":2,"score":0.7537156343460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.675760805606842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.6632503271102905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777370761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18448934","display_name":"Carving","level":2,"score":0.6370289921760559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5965511202812195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5468076467514038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5236582159996033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.48484551906585693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.33026444911956787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.23821809887886047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08845141530036926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0720440149307251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lsp.2011.2140396","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2011.2140396","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120629676","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","issn_l":"1070-9908","issn":["1070-9908","1558-2361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8500000238418579}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310016","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1651266332","https://openalex.org/W1972735298","https://openalex.org/W2018377917","https://openalex.org/W2021448594","https://openalex.org/W2047957240","https://openalex.org/W2068660008","https://openalex.org/W2069858677","https://openalex.org/W2075708502","https://openalex.org/W2080008265","https://openalex.org/W2122816334","https://openalex.org/W2132610780","https://openalex.org/W2164989680","https://openalex.org/W2166554908","https://openalex.org/W3137241515"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2047755406","https://openalex.org/W2295013215","https://openalex.org/W4250433723","https://openalex.org/W2081282645","https://openalex.org/W2790269557","https://openalex.org/W4388821263","https://openalex.org/W2018765149","https://openalex.org/W1895742843","https://openalex.org/W2596972971","https://openalex.org/W2266217683"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,41],"letter":[1],"proposes":[2],"an":[3,32],"improved":[4],"seam":[5,27,48],"carving":[6,28],"approach":[7],"for":[8],"content-aware":[9],"image":[10,64,90],"retargeting.":[11],"The":[12],"proposed":[13,74],"algorithm":[14],"extends":[15],"upon":[16],"the":[17,38,73],"backward":[18],"and":[19],"forward":[20],"energy":[21,33,44,76],"cost":[22,35,45,77],"functionals":[23],"used":[24],"in":[25,37],"previous":[26],"methods":[29,81],"by":[30,88],"incorporating":[31],"gradient":[34],"functional":[36,46,78],"optimization":[39],"process.":[40],"combined":[42],"absolute":[43,75],"penalizes":[47],"candidates":[49],"that":[50],"cross":[51],"areas":[52],"of":[53,62,85],"local":[54],"extrema,":[55],"which":[56],"characterizes":[57],"regions":[58],"with":[59],"high":[60,89],"concentrations":[61],"\u201cimportant\u201d":[63],"detail.":[65],"Experiments":[66],"show":[67],"superior":[68],"visual":[69],"quality":[70],"results":[71],"using":[72],"over":[79],"existing":[80],"on":[82],"a":[83],"variety":[84],"images":[86],"characterized":[87],"detail":[91],"concentration.":[92]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}