{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2123847670","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2008.2006710","title":"Two-Description Image Coding With Steganography","display_name":"Two-Description Image Coding With Steganography","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2123847670","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2008.2006710","mag":"2123847670"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lsp.2008.2006710","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2008.2006710","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120629676","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","issn_l":"1070-9908","issn":["1070-9908","1558-2361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002674092","display_name":"Zhiyuan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2605-1549"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiyuan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Inst. of Inf. Sci., Beijing Jiaotong Univ., Beijing","Institute of Information Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. of Inf. Sci., Beijing Jiaotong Univ., Beijing","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034427070","display_name":"Ce Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7607-707X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ce Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100362745","display_name":"Yao Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8581-9554"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yao Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7011,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74571254,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":null,"first_page":"887","last_page":"890"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10901","display_name":"Advanced Data Compression Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10741","display_name":"Video Coding and Compression Technologies","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bitstream","display_name":"Bitstream","score":0.8994676470756531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganography","display_name":"Steganography","score":0.8491140007972717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/least-significant-bit","display_name":"Least significant bit","score":0.7335017919540405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.6976984143257141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6894828677177429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.6223140954971313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-hiding","display_name":"Information hiding","score":0.5660688877105713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.46983736753463745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4596194624900818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganography-tools","display_name":"Steganography tools","score":0.4260631799697876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4215162396430969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.40582698583602905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3810564875602722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.29571232199668884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.19649896025657654}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136695289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q415568","display_name":"Bitstream","level":3,"score":0.8994676470756531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108801101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15032","display_name":"Steganography","level":3,"score":0.8491140007972717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4305246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3885225","display_name":"Least significant bit","level":2,"score":0.7335017919540405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.6976984143257141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6894828677177429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.6223140954971313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3073032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15912075","display_name":"Information hiding","level":3,"score":0.5660688877105713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.46983736753463745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4596194624900818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13179402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7606662","display_name":"Steganography tools","level":4,"score":0.4260631799697876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4215162396430969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.40582698583602905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3810564875602722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.29571232199668884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19649896025657654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lsp.2008.2006710","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2008.2006710","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120629676","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","issn_l":"1070-9908","issn":["1070-9908","1558-2361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.705.4422","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.705.4422","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://mepro.bjtu.edu.cn/zhaoyao/pdf/12.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975551615","https://openalex.org/W2064617372","https://openalex.org/W2083979133","https://openalex.org/W2096102601","https://openalex.org/W2100224231","https://openalex.org/W2146621575","https://openalex.org/W2148037789","https://openalex.org/W2152488086","https://openalex.org/W2154239264","https://openalex.org/W2159390040","https://openalex.org/W2159527094","https://openalex.org/W2883783703","https://openalex.org/W6753162356"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2049703184","https://openalex.org/W2977151837","https://openalex.org/W2158736088","https://openalex.org/W2181427603","https://openalex.org/W2409080236","https://openalex.org/W2796470635","https://openalex.org/W2347929411","https://openalex.org/W2238140690","https://openalex.org/W3046393280","https://openalex.org/W4214583425"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"For":[0],"two-description":[1,45],"image":[2,11,46],"coding,":[3],"a":[4,24,32,43,71],"conventional":[5],"scheme":[6],"is":[7,107],"to":[8,17],"partition":[9],"an":[10],"into":[12,64],"two":[13],"parts":[14],"and":[15,31],"then":[16],"produce":[18],"each":[19,55,89],"description":[20,56,90],"by":[21,57],"alternatively":[22],"concatenating":[23],"finely":[25,66,100],"coded":[26,34,62,67,86,101],"bitstream":[27,35],"of":[28,36,116],"one":[29],"part":[30,63,68,87,102],"coarsely":[33,61,85],"the":[37,60,65,80,84,99,104,114,117],"other":[38],"part.":[39],"This":[40],"letter":[41],"presents":[42],"new":[44],"coding":[47],"approach":[48],"using":[49],"steganography.":[50],"Specifically,":[51],"we":[52],"propose":[53],"forming":[54],"embedding":[58,105],"(hiding)":[59],"based":[69],"on":[70],"least-significant":[72],"bit":[73,81],"(LSB)":[74],"steganographic":[75],"method.":[76,119],"In":[77],"this":[78],"way,":[79],"budget":[82],"for":[83,98],"in":[88],"can":[91],"be":[92],"saved":[93],"with":[94],"little":[95],"reconstruction":[96],"degradation":[97],"if":[103],"process":[106],"well":[108],"designed.":[109],"The":[110],"experimental":[111],"results":[112],"substantiate":[113],"effectiveness":[115],"proposed":[118]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}