{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7155211203","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lra.2026.3686708","title":"Non-Intrusive Contactless Gesture Recognition for Human-Robot Interaction","display_name":"Non-Intrusive Contactless Gesture Recognition for Human-Robot Interaction","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7155211203","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lra.2026.3686708"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lra.2026.3686708","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lra.2026.3686708","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169774","display_name":"IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters","issn_l":"2377-3766","issn":["2377-3766","2377-3774"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lra.2026.3686708","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025062372","display_name":"Dimitrios Tsiakmakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5112-3102"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162290304","display_name":"Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna","ror":"https://ror.org/025602r80","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dimitrios Tsiakmakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["The BioRobotics Institute and Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5112-3102","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The BioRobotics Institute and Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119620270","display_name":"Massimiliano Iosi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162290304","display_name":"Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna","ror":"https://ror.org/025602r80","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Massimiliano Iosi","raw_affiliation_strings":["The BioRobotics Institute and Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1904-8424","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The BioRobotics Institute and Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036187436","display_name":"Gastone Ciuti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0855-7976"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162290304","display_name":"Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna","ror":"https://ror.org/025602r80","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gastone Ciuti","raw_affiliation_strings":["The BioRobotics Institute and Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0855-7976","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The BioRobotics Institute and Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.41412607,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"6","first_page":"7628","last_page":"7635"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.8700000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.8700000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.01360000018030405,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.010499999858438969,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gesture-recognition","display_name":"Gesture recognition","score":0.4375999867916107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gesture","display_name":"Gesture","score":0.3874000012874603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.3499000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.26600000262260437}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6035000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4740999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159437735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1519524","display_name":"Gesture recognition","level":3,"score":0.4375999867916107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.43380001187324524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207347870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371174","display_name":"Gesture","level":2,"score":0.3874000012874603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.3499000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.26600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.2648000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.257999986410141}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lra.2026.3686708","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lra.2026.3686708","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169774","display_name":"IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters","issn_l":"2377-3766","issn":["2377-3766","2377-3774"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lra.2026.3686708","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lra.2026.3686708","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169774","display_name":"IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters","issn_l":"2377-3766","issn":["2377-3766","2377-3774"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3119257414","https://openalex.org/W3162053712","https://openalex.org/W3174109486","https://openalex.org/W3198470685","https://openalex.org/W4285238635","https://openalex.org/W4313197164","https://openalex.org/W4313476089","https://openalex.org/W4322630570","https://openalex.org/W4381892526","https://openalex.org/W4385066438","https://openalex.org/W4386797534","https://openalex.org/W4389107826","https://openalex.org/W4390224460","https://openalex.org/W4391547722","https://openalex.org/W4396877737","https://openalex.org/W4400904804","https://openalex.org/W4402599849","https://openalex.org/W4403026454","https://openalex.org/W4404238396","https://openalex.org/W4405235318","https://openalex.org/W4408010090","https://openalex.org/W4408419507","https://openalex.org/W4410252776","https://openalex.org/W4410923443","https://openalex.org/W4411382319","https://openalex.org/W4412610852","https://openalex.org/W4412761678","https://openalex.org/W4412930112","https://openalex.org/W4414198624","https://openalex.org/W4414219898","https://openalex.org/W4414988620","https://openalex.org/W4416210596"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"robots":[1],"increasingly":[2],"integrate":[3],"into":[4],"collaborative":[5,148],"and":[6,26,31,42,125,136],"assistive":[7],"environments,":[8],"natural":[9],"gesture":[10,20],"interpretation":[11],"becomes":[12],"crucial":[13],"for":[14,122,144],"effective":[15],"human-robot":[16],"interaction.":[17],"While":[18],"vision-based":[19],"recognition":[21,52],"systems":[22],"face":[23],"privacy":[24],"concerns":[25],"performance":[27],"limitations":[28],"under":[29],"occlusion":[30],"varying":[32],"lighting":[33],"conditions,":[34],"wearable":[35],"sensor":[36,109],"approaches":[37,49],"often":[38],"compromise":[39],"user":[40,55],"comfort":[41],"interaction":[43],"naturalness.":[44],"These":[45],"challenges":[46],"necessitate":[47],"alternative":[48],"that":[50],"balance":[51],"accuracy":[53,115],"with":[54,72,118],"acceptance":[56],"in":[57,147],"real-world":[58],"deployment":[59],"scenarios.":[60],"This":[61],"work":[62],"proposes":[63],"a":[64,106],"lightweight":[65],"transformer-based":[66],"feature":[67],"extractor":[68],"where":[69],"test-time":[70],"augmentation":[71],"majority":[73],"voting":[74],"is":[75],"employed":[76],"during":[77],"inference":[78,129],"to":[79,105],"enhance":[80],"classification":[81],"performance.":[82],"With":[83],"approximately":[84],"2M":[85],"trainable":[86],"parameters,":[87],"the":[88],"network":[89],"maintains":[90],"reasonable":[91],"efficiency":[92],"on":[93,134,139],"modern":[94],"acceleration":[95],"hardware.":[96],"Its":[97],"modular":[98],"architecture":[99],"also":[100],"indicates":[101],"an":[102,113],"easy":[103],"adaptation":[104],"variety":[107],"of":[108,116,131],"configurations.":[110],"It":[111],"reached":[112],"overall":[114],"97.21%,":[117],"similarly":[119],"high":[120],"scores":[121],"f1-score,":[123],"precision,":[124],"recall.":[126],"The":[127],"pipeline's":[128],"duration":[130],"16":[132],"ms":[133,138],"GPU":[135],"40":[137],"CPU":[140],"demonstrate":[141],"its":[142],"suitability":[143],"real-time":[145],"applications":[146],"robotics.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-12T21:12:35.861297","created_date":"2026-04-23T00:00:00"}