{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386523695","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lra.2023.3313069","title":"Unlocking the Performance of Proximity Sensors by Utilizing Transient Histograms","display_name":"Unlocking the Performance of Proximity Sensors by Utilizing Transient Histograms","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386523695","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lra.2023.3313069"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lra.2023.3313069","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lra.2023.3313069","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169774","display_name":"IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters","issn_l":"2377-3766","issn":["2377-3766","2377-3774"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035018194","display_name":"Carter Sifferman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6005-1884"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carter Sifferman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6005-1884","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036679697","display_name":"Yeping Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2628-0146"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yeping Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2628-0146","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074353153","display_name":"Mohit Gupta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2323-7700"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohit Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2323-7700","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084778474","display_name":"Michael Gleicher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3295-4071"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Gleicher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3295-4071","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8227,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90250244,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"10","first_page":"6843","last_page":"6850"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11472","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry and Sensors","score":0.9707000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1502","display_name":"Bioengineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10540","display_name":"Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques","score":0.9437999725341797,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram","display_name":"Histogram","score":0.6973509192466736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6812574863433838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/planar","display_name":"Planar","score":0.6332685351371765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robotics","display_name":"Robotics","score":0.6197731494903564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6106652617454529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5358477830886841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transient","display_name":"Transient (computer programming)","score":0.48937171697616577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.42763644456863403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.3958950638771057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3858821392059326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.2417924404144287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.0838230550289154}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.6973509192466736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6812574863433838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134786449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3391255","display_name":"Planar","level":2,"score":0.6332685351371765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34413123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170978","display_name":"Robotics","level":3,"score":0.6197731494903564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6106652617454529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5358477830886841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780799671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17087362","display_name":"Transient (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.48937171697616577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.42763644456863403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.3958950638771057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3858821392059326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.2417924404144287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0838230550289154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lra.2023.3313069","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lra.2023.3313069","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169774","display_name":"IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters","issn_l":"2377-3766","issn":["2377-3766","2377-3774"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.6399999856948853}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2177972145","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2003129","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5202101913","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1830242","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5729912146","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2107060","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7769614807","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1943139","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka","ror":"https://ror.org/010xaa060"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338304","display_name":"Los Alamos National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01e41cf67"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975496472","https://openalex.org/W2077394796","https://openalex.org/W2087137114","https://openalex.org/W2112858385","https://openalex.org/W2122585444","https://openalex.org/W2171074980","https://openalex.org/W2200308833","https://openalex.org/W2809049785","https://openalex.org/W2915458864","https://openalex.org/W2922660011","https://openalex.org/W2925057058","https://openalex.org/W2974347740","https://openalex.org/W2991860863","https://openalex.org/W3159198872","https://openalex.org/W3187041650","https://openalex.org/W3204046520","https://openalex.org/W3209590099","https://openalex.org/W3210040340","https://openalex.org/W4200150166","https://openalex.org/W4229007118","https://openalex.org/W4281555477","https://openalex.org/W4310564884","https://openalex.org/W4312498972","https://openalex.org/W4313305630","https://openalex.org/W4353072342","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6752492963","https://openalex.org/W6802763019","https://openalex.org/W6848448202","https://openalex.org/W6986574559"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1508899372","https://openalex.org/W2107628111","https://openalex.org/W2394004323","https://openalex.org/W2010009304","https://openalex.org/W2398764543","https://openalex.org/W2358137648","https://openalex.org/W3037187668","https://openalex.org/W2012658348","https://openalex.org/W2039460805","https://openalex.org/W4250956039"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,165],"provide":[1],"methods":[2,66],"which":[3,30,57,98,115,171],"recover":[4],"planar":[5,76,96,140,184],"scene":[6,125],"geometry":[7,77,126],"by":[8,12,157],"utilizing":[9],"thetransient":[10],"histogramscaptured":[11],"a":[13,25,43,50,111,143,167,183,187,195],"class":[14],"of":[15,35,75,91,94,124,138,146,160,182,194],"close-range":[16],"time-of-flight":[17],"(ToF)":[18],"distance":[19,55,86,104,178],"sensor.":[20,41],"A":[21],"transient":[22,47,69,118],"histogram":[23,48,70],"is":[24,81,99,108],"one":[26],"dimensional":[27],"temporal":[28],"waveform":[29],"encodes":[31],"the":[32,39,46,68,92,95,117,154,177,191],"arrival":[33],"time":[34],"photons":[36],"incident":[37],"on":[38,190],"ToF":[40],"Typically,":[42],"sensor":[44,188],"processes":[45],"using":[49,83],"proprietary":[51,85,103],"algorithm":[52],"to":[53,72,127,175,179],"produce":[54],"estimates,":[56,87],"are":[58],"commonly":[59],"used":[60],"in":[61,162],"several":[62],"robotics":[63,169],"applications.":[64],"Our":[65],"utilize":[67],"directly":[71],"enable":[73],"recovery":[74,90],"more":[78],"accurately":[79],"than":[80],"possible":[82,101],"only":[84],"and":[88,148,180],"consistent":[89],"albedo":[93],"surface,":[97],"not":[100],"with":[102],"estimates":[105],"alone.":[106],"This":[107],"accomplished":[109],"via":[110],"differentiable":[112],"rendering":[113],"pipeline,":[114],"simulates":[116],"imaging":[119],"process,":[120],"allowing":[121],"direct":[122],"optimization":[123],"match":[128],"observations.":[129],"To":[130],"validate":[131],"our":[132,151,173],"methods,":[133],"we":[134],"capture":[135],"3,800":[136],"measurements":[137],"eight":[139],"surfaces":[141],"from":[142,186],"wide":[144],"range":[145],"viewpoints,":[147],"show":[149],"that":[150],"method":[152,174],"outperforms":[153],"proprietary-distance-estimate":[155],"baseline":[156],"an":[158],"order":[159],"magnitude":[161],"most":[163],"scenarios.":[164],"demonstrate":[166],"simple":[168],"application":[170],"uses":[172],"sense":[176],"slope":[181],"surface":[185],"mounted":[189],"end":[192],"effector":[193],"robot":[196],"arm.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}