{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3044450652","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lra.2020.3010486","title":"Shift-Adaptive Estimation of Joint Angle Using Instrumented Brace With Two Stretch Sensors Based on Gaussian Mixture Models","display_name":"Shift-Adaptive Estimation of Joint Angle Using Instrumented Brace With Two Stretch Sensors Based on Gaussian Mixture Models","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3044450652","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lra.2020.3010486","mag":"3044450652"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lra.2020.3010486","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lra.2020.3010486","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169774","display_name":"IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters","issn_l":"2377-3766","issn":["2377-3766","2377-3774"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017857239","display_name":"Ryo Eguchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2420-5847"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203951103","display_name":"Keio University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kn6nx58","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203951103"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ryo Eguchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Science for Open and Environmental Systems, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2420-5847","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Science for Open and Environmental Systems, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203951103"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064634210","display_name":"Brendan Michael","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5631-9913"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brendan Michael","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering, Centre for Robotics Research, King's College London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5631-9913","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, Centre for Robotics Research, King's College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050881123","display_name":"Matthew Howard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2534-4865"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Howard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering, Centre for Robotics Research, King's College London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2534-4865","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, Centre for Robotics Research, King's College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039641882","display_name":"Masaki Takahashi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8138-041X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203951103","display_name":"Keio University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kn6nx58","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203951103"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masaki Takahashi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of System Design Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8138-041X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of System Design Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203951103"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2946,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.48097552,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"4","first_page":"5881","last_page":"5888"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10338","display_name":"Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10338","display_name":"Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9891999959945679,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brace","display_name":"Brace","score":0.8708868026733398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.6447993516921997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixture-model","display_name":"Mixture model","score":0.5849161744117737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.5624611973762512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-computer","display_name":"Wearable computer","score":0.4900909662246704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4741346836090088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion-capture","display_name":"Motion capture","score":0.4341382086277008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.38160502910614014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.36092692613601685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3424815833568573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.2971886396408081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20858025550842285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion","display_name":"Motion (physics)","score":0.19469553232192993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.15654537081718445}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779793219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2662870","display_name":"Brace","level":2,"score":0.8708868026733398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.6447993516921997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61224824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2260434","display_name":"Mixture model","level":2,"score":0.5849161744117737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.5624611973762512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150594956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334829","display_name":"Wearable computer","level":2,"score":0.4900909662246704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4741346836090088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48007421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q676252","display_name":"Motion capture","level":3,"score":0.4341382086277008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.38160502910614014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.36092692613601685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3424815833568573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.2971886396408081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20858025550842285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104114177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79782","display_name":"Motion (physics)","level":2,"score":0.19469553232192993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.15654537081718445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lra.2020.3010486","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lra.2020.3010486","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169774","display_name":"IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters","issn_l":"2377-3766","issn":["2377-3766","2377-3774"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7891805647","display_name":"Adaptive and Optimal Gait Assist System Based on Three-dimensional Biomechanical Analysis of Musculoskeletal Disease","funder_award_id":"19J12205","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhkn466"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1599319359","https://openalex.org/W1850808171","https://openalex.org/W1855416518","https://openalex.org/W1990078136","https://openalex.org/W2017196472","https://openalex.org/W2027567405","https://openalex.org/W2029345474","https://openalex.org/W2030237743","https://openalex.org/W2046243726","https://openalex.org/W2055548088","https://openalex.org/W2080698207","https://openalex.org/W2109500280","https://openalex.org/W2154437362","https://openalex.org/W2168672049","https://openalex.org/W2302732052","https://openalex.org/W2313197325","https://openalex.org/W2417034203","https://openalex.org/W2496615660","https://openalex.org/W2548954486","https://openalex.org/W2626921426","https://openalex.org/W2753562637","https://openalex.org/W2770922292","https://openalex.org/W2793667086","https://openalex.org/W2887238543","https://openalex.org/W2896988665","https://openalex.org/W2897084120","https://openalex.org/W2905477865","https://openalex.org/W2913036154","https://openalex.org/W2922502438","https://openalex.org/W2930329158","https://openalex.org/W2934193092","https://openalex.org/W2948471521","https://openalex.org/W2954934154","https://openalex.org/W4211008118"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2039982706","https://openalex.org/W2990021029","https://openalex.org/W1854890619","https://openalex.org/W2397852956","https://openalex.org/W2551499063","https://openalex.org/W24994384","https://openalex.org/W2046223316","https://openalex.org/W2165717376","https://openalex.org/W2164625777","https://openalex.org/W1578916557"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Wearable":[0],"motion":[1,40],"sensing":[2],"in":[3,9,158],"daily":[4],"life":[5],"has":[6],"attracted":[7],"attention":[8],"various":[10],"disciplines.":[11],"Especially,":[12],"stretchable":[13],"strain":[14],"sensors":[15,106],"have":[16,32],"been":[17],"instrumented":[18,102],"into":[19],"garments":[20],"(e.g.":[21],"brace).":[22],"To":[23],"estimate":[24],"joint":[25,96,133,173],"motions":[26],"from":[27,135],"such":[28],"sensors,":[29],"previous":[30,160],"studies":[31],"modelled":[33],"relationships":[34,115],"between":[35],"the":[36,54,64,72,112,132,136,155,168,172,195],"sensor":[37,55,78,137,197],"strains":[38,138,157],"and":[39],"parameters":[41],"via":[42],"supervised/semi-supervised":[43],"learning.":[44],"However,":[45],"typically":[46],"these":[47],"only":[48],"model":[49],"a":[50,60,91,99,144,159,187],"single":[51,188,190],"relationship":[52,74],"assuming":[53],"to":[56,77,154,194],"be":[57],"located":[58],"at":[59,108,116,175],"specific":[61],"point":[62],"on":[63],"body.":[65],"Consequently,":[66],"they":[67],"exhibit":[68],"reduced":[69],"performance":[70],"when":[71],"strain-parameter":[73],"varies":[75],"due":[76],"shifts":[79],"caused":[80],"by":[81,152],"long-term":[82],"wearing":[83],"or":[84,192],"donning/doffing":[85],"of":[86,94],"braces.":[87],"This":[88],"letter":[89],"presents":[90],"shift-adaptive":[92],"estimation":[93],"knee":[95],"angle.":[97],"First,":[98],"brace":[100,118],"is":[101,150],"with":[103,181],"two":[104,156],"stretch":[105],"placed":[107],"different":[109,113],"heights.":[110],"Next,":[111],"strain-angle":[114],"varying":[117],"shift":[119,147,177],"positions":[120,178],"are":[121],"learned":[122],"using":[123,143,186],"Gaussian":[124,140],"mixture":[125,141],"models":[126],"(GMMs).":[127],"The":[128],"system":[129],"then":[130],"estimates":[131,171],"angle":[134,174],"through":[139],"regression":[142],"maximum":[145],"likelihood":[146],"GMM,":[148],"which":[149],"identified":[151],"referring":[153,193],"1":[161],"s":[162],"period.":[163],"Experimental":[164],"results":[165],"indicated":[166],"that":[167],"proposed":[169],"method":[170],"multiple":[176],"(0-20":[179],"mm)":[180],"higher":[182],"accuracy":[183],"than":[184],"methods":[185],"model,":[189],"sensor,":[191],"present":[196],"strains.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}