{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2787645069","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lra.2018.2795016","title":"Simultaneous Self-Sensing of Displacement and Force for Soft Dielectric Elastomer Actuators","display_name":"Simultaneous Self-Sensing of Displacement and Force for Soft Dielectric Elastomer Actuators","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2787645069","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lra.2018.2795016","mag":"2787645069"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lra.2018.2795016","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lra.2018.2795016","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169774","display_name":"IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters","issn_l":"2377-3766","issn":["2377-3766"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004460933","display_name":"Gianluca Rizzello","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7017-698X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91712215","display_name":"Saarland University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jdpyv68","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91712215"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gianluca Rizzello","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems Engineering and the Department of Material Science and Engineering, Universit\u00e4t des Saarlandes, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems Engineering and the Department of Material Science and Engineering, Universit\u00e4t des Saarlandes, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91712215"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031926881","display_name":"Federica Fugaro","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68618741","display_name":"Polytechnic University of Bari","ror":"https://ror.org/03c44v465","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68618741"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Federica Fugaro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68618741"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011873850","display_name":"David Naso","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7948-8226"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68618741","display_name":"Polytechnic University of Bari","ror":"https://ror.org/03c44v465","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68618741"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Naso","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68618741"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063131328","display_name":"Stefan Seelecke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1018-247X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91712215","display_name":"Saarland University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jdpyv68","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91712215"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Seelecke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems Engineering and the Department of Material Science and Engineering, Universit\u00e4t des Saarlandes, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems Engineering and the Department of Material Science and Engineering, Universit\u00e4t des Saarlandes, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91712215"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004460933"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91712215"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7765,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83619481,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"2","first_page":"1230","last_page":"1236"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11608","display_name":"Dielectric materials and actuators","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11608","display_name":"Dielectric materials and actuators","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10338","display_name":"Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10690","display_name":"Vibration Control and Rheological Fluids","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/displacement","display_name":"Displacement (psychology)","score":0.7562975883483887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitance","display_name":"Capacitance","score":0.6744635105133057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.6133288145065308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/actuator","display_name":"Actuator","score":0.6118178367614746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dielectric-elastomers","display_name":"Dielectric elastomers","score":0.5691009163856506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elastomer","display_name":"Elastomer","score":0.55025315284729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dielectric","display_name":"Dielectric","score":0.49499815702438354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.4761226773262024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4531070590019226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.44917839765548706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transducer","display_name":"Transducer","score":0.4315095543861389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/current","display_name":"Current (fluid)","score":0.42080438137054443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.38242676854133606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.37840235233306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.32594868540763855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2873913049697876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.22585469484329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1728668510913849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrode","display_name":"Electrode","score":0.1464330554008484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.1410951316356659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.09578770399093628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.08124729990959167}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107551265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1458245","display_name":"Displacement (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.7562975883483887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30066665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q164399","display_name":"Capacitance","level":3,"score":0.6744635105133057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.6133288145065308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.6118178367614746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51044723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3278107","display_name":"Dielectric elastomers","level":3,"score":0.5691009163856506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38052585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q252266","display_name":"Elastomer","level":2,"score":0.55025315284729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133386390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184996","display_name":"Dielectric","level":2,"score":0.49499815702438354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.4761226773262024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4531070590019226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.44917839765548706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56318395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215928","display_name":"Transducer","level":2,"score":0.4315095543861389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148043351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4456944","display_name":"Current (fluid)","level":2,"score":0.42080438137054443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.38242676854133606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.37840235233306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.32594868540763855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2873913049697876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.22585469484329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1728668510913849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17525397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140","display_name":"Electrode","level":2,"score":0.1464330554008484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1410951316356659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.09578770399093628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.08124729990959167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lra.2018.2795016","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lra.2018.2795016","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169774","display_name":"IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters","issn_l":"2377-3766","issn":["2377-3766"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6700000166893005,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972429168","https://openalex.org/W1994753517","https://openalex.org/W2045408400","https://openalex.org/W2049437557","https://openalex.org/W2055823902","https://openalex.org/W2141800289","https://openalex.org/W2171210566","https://openalex.org/W2171995939","https://openalex.org/W2203149049","https://openalex.org/W2260089692","https://openalex.org/W2271358270","https://openalex.org/W2294111085","https://openalex.org/W2528897430","https://openalex.org/W2561664162","https://openalex.org/W2582609323","https://openalex.org/W2622683103","https://openalex.org/W2733880652","https://openalex.org/W2739071112","https://openalex.org/W4238586295","https://openalex.org/W6643666730","https://openalex.org/W6649030693","https://openalex.org/W6741331533"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2922175021","https://openalex.org/W2092263759","https://openalex.org/W2884598053","https://openalex.org/W2339357285","https://openalex.org/W1997741049","https://openalex.org/W2626229370","https://openalex.org/W2043852716","https://openalex.org/W620403021","https://openalex.org/W2768288725","https://openalex.org/W2040221793"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,137,141],"novel":[4],"self-sensing":[5,18,40,130],"method":[6],"for":[7,55],"soft":[8],"actuators":[9],"based":[10,31,67],"on":[11,32,68,136],"dielectric":[12],"elastomer":[13],"(DE)":[14],"membranes.":[15],"The":[16,38],"proposed":[17],"scheme":[19],"permits":[20],"the":[21,53,76,91,123,128],"reconstruction":[22],"of":[23,41,140],"both":[24],"membrane":[25,77,94],"force":[26,44],"and":[27,34,43,81,96,113],"displacement":[28,42,95],"during":[29],"actuation,":[30],"voltage":[33,80],"current":[35,82],"measurements":[36],"only.":[37],"simultaneous":[39],"allows":[45],"one":[46],"to":[47,74,89,93,106,118],"implement":[48],"interaction":[49],"control":[50],"strategies":[51],"without":[52],"need":[54],"additional":[56],"electro-mechanical":[57],"transducers.":[58],"To":[59],"achieve":[60],"this":[61],"goal,":[62],"an":[63],"online":[64],"estimation":[65,124],"algorithm":[66],"recursive":[69],"least":[70],"squares":[71],"is":[72,134],"implemented":[73],"reconstruct":[75],"capacitance":[78,92],"from":[79,104],"measurements.":[83],"Subsequently,":[84],"mathematical":[85],"models":[86,112],"are":[87,101],"developed":[88],"relate":[90],"force.":[97],"Several":[98],"modeling":[99],"approaches":[100],"compared,":[102],"ranging":[103],"physics-based":[105],"black":[107],"box":[108],"ones":[109],"(i.e.,":[110],"Hammerstein-Wiener":[111],"neural":[114],"networks),":[115],"in":[116],"order":[117],"evaluate":[119],"which":[120],"strategy":[121],"maximizes":[122],"accuracy.":[125],"After":[126],"discussing":[127],"complete":[129],"algorithm,":[131],"experimental":[132],"validation":[133],"performed":[135],"prototype":[138],"consisting":[139],"cone":[142],"DE":[143],"membrane.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}