{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3022072034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lifetech48969.2020.1570618978","title":"Multi-Purpose Watermarking with QR Code Applications","display_name":"Multi-Purpose Watermarking with QR Code Applications","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3022072034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lifetech48969.2020.1570618978","mag":"3022072034"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lifetech48969.2020.1570618978","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lifetech48969.2020.1570618978","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306498653","display_name":"2020 IEEE 2nd Global Conference on Life Sciences and Technologies (LifeTech)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE 2nd Global Conference on Life Sciences and Technologies (LifeTech)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101654561","display_name":"Hsiang-Cheh Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1463-4680"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192168892","display_name":"National University of Kaohsiung","ror":"https://ror.org/013zjb662","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192168892"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hsiang-Cheh Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192168892"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059960788","display_name":"Yueh-Hong Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137066","display_name":"Far East University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ms7mr17","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137066"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yueh-Hong Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Far East University, Taiwan, R.O.C"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Far East University, Taiwan, R.O.C","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137066"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113523416","display_name":"Feng-Cheng Chang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107470533","display_name":"Tamkang University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tft4718","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107470533"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng-Cheng Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tamkang University, Taiwan, R.O.C"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tamkang University, Taiwan, R.O.C","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107470533"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075115776","display_name":"Chi-Tuan Tseng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192168892","display_name":"National University of Kaohsiung","ror":"https://ror.org/013zjb662","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192168892"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chi-Tuan Tseng","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192168892"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101654561"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192168892"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3279,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62059888,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"42","last_page":"45"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-watermarking","display_name":"Digital watermarking","score":0.9817044734954834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-cosine-transform","display_name":"Discrete cosine transform","score":0.8572635650634766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/watermark","display_name":"Watermark","score":0.854634165763855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7480060458183289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.7084543108940125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.6768422722816467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.4975574314594269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/watermarking-attack","display_name":"Watermarking attack","score":0.4812590777873993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/message-authentication-code","display_name":"Message authentication code","score":0.45026496052742004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4377084970474243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4203658103942871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.41801023483276367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.3242333233356476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.19391602277755737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.15614646673202515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.1487116813659668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-cryptography","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","score":0.11023041605949402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.09921121597290039}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150817343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875932","display_name":"Digital watermarking","level":3,"score":0.9817044734954834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2221639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2877","display_name":"Discrete cosine transform","level":3,"score":0.8572635650634766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164112704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7974348","display_name":"Watermark","level":3,"score":0.854634165763855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7480060458183289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.7084543108940125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.6768422722816467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.4975574314594269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122760801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2552011","display_name":"Watermarking attack","level":5,"score":0.4812590777873993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141492731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052621","display_name":"Message authentication code","level":3,"score":0.45026496052742004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4377084970474243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4203658103942871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41801023483276367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3242333233356476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19391602277755737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.15614646673202515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.1487116813659668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.11023041605949402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.09921121597290039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7646194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4818713","display_name":"Attribute-based encryption","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lifetech48969.2020.1570618978","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lifetech48969.2020.1570618978","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306498653","display_name":"2020 IEEE 2nd Global Conference on Life Sciences and Technologies (LifeTech)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE 2nd Global Conference on Life Sciences and Technologies (LifeTech)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw:987654321/118719","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/118719","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1145697789","https://openalex.org/W2016746916","https://openalex.org/W2103523238","https://openalex.org/W2113675052","https://openalex.org/W2133665775","https://openalex.org/W2134415040","https://openalex.org/W2323738340","https://openalex.org/W2509384312","https://openalex.org/W2790708594","https://openalex.org/W2802097773","https://openalex.org/W2982622786"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2137394636","https://openalex.org/W2358993821","https://openalex.org/W1516446231","https://openalex.org/W2098152888","https://openalex.org/W2080353903","https://openalex.org/W2508768491","https://openalex.org/W2373405822","https://openalex.org/W1559740347","https://openalex.org/W1950090249","https://openalex.org/W2040356834"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Watermarking":[0],"plays":[1],"an":[2],"important":[3],"role":[4],"in":[5],"the":[6,19,34,39,44,49,54,74,78,90,108],"applications":[7],"of":[8,56,110],"copyright":[9,63],"protection":[10],"and":[11,26,42,80],"data":[12],"authentication.":[13],"In":[14],"this":[15],"paper,":[16],"we":[17,37,47],"apply":[18],"commonly":[20],"used":[21],"discrete":[22],"cosine":[23],"transform":[24],"(DCT),":[25],"embed":[27,73],"two":[28,75],"watermarks":[29,76,102],"into":[30,77],"color":[31],"images.":[32],"For":[33],"first":[35,91],"watermark":[36,92],"choose":[38],"QR":[40],"code,":[41],"for":[43,62],"second":[45],"one":[46],"employ":[48],"binary":[50],"random":[51],"sequence.":[52],"With":[53],"classification":[55],"watermarking,":[57],"robust":[58],"watermarking":[59,67,112],"is":[60,99],"suitable":[61],"protection,":[64],"while":[65,96],"fragile":[66],"aims":[68],"at":[69],"authentication":[70],"purposes.":[71],"We":[72],"low":[79],"mid":[81],"frequency":[82],"bands,":[83],"respectively.":[84],"When":[85],"intentional":[86],"attacks":[87],"are":[88],"applied,":[89,100],"can":[93,103],"be":[94],"extracted,":[95],"no":[97],"attack":[98],"both":[101],"survive.":[104],"Simulations":[105],"have":[106],"demonstrated":[107],"capabilities":[109],"multi-purpose":[111],"with":[113],"our":[114],"method.":[115]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-18T14:38:29.013473","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
