{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416582466","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2025.3636153","title":"DRLA-Net: Divergence-Aware and Ranking Cost-Based Label Assignment for Arbitrary-Oriented Object Detection in Remote Sensing Images","display_name":"DRLA-Net: Divergence-Aware and Ranking Cost-Based Label Assignment for Arbitrary-Oriented Object Detection in Remote Sensing Images","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416582466","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2025.3636153"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2025.3636153","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2025.3636153","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064489177","display_name":"Guangshuai Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5050-2311"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132586189","display_name":"Zhongyuan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0360zcg91","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132586189"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Guangshuai Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China","School of Information and Communication Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, ZhengZhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132586189"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, ZhengZhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132586189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106432765","display_name":"Y. Shang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9621-9762"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132586189","display_name":"Zhongyuan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0360zcg91","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132586189"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunqi Shang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China","School of Information and Communication Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, ZhengZhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132586189"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, ZhengZhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132586189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113414725","display_name":"Minghong Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6665-7577"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132586189","display_name":"Zhongyuan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0360zcg91","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132586189"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minghong Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Intelligent Engineering and Automation, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","School of Information and Communication Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, ZhengZhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Intelligent Engineering and Automation, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, ZhengZhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132586189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079247642","display_name":"Zhenduo Guo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132586189","display_name":"Zhongyuan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0360zcg91","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132586189"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenduo Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China","School of Information and Communication Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, ZhengZhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132586189"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, ZhengZhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132586189"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103049183","display_name":"Yan Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5652-2102"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132586189","display_name":"Zhongyuan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0360zcg91","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132586189"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China","School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, ChengDu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132586189"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, ChengDu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064489177"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132586189"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.3914713,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.767799973487854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.767799973487854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.15410000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.014999999664723873,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.7407000064849854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6226000189781189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bounding-overwatch","display_name":"Bounding overwatch","score":0.5722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5135999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.4950999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranking","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","score":0.48969998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4422999918460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/divergence","display_name":"Divergence (linguistics)","score":0.4334000051021576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pyramid","display_name":"Pyramid (geometry)","score":0.42260000109672546}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.7407000064849854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6226000189781189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6204000115394592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63584917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333286","display_name":"Bounding overwatch","level":2,"score":0.5722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5135999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.4950999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189430467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293293","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","level":2,"score":0.48969998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4422999918460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207390915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230525","display_name":"Divergence (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4334000051021576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.42489999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142575187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3358290","display_name":"Pyramid (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.42260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147037132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865426","display_name":"Minimum bounding box","level":3,"score":0.41019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61326573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1496376","display_name":"Gaussian process","level":3,"score":0.38600000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.3601999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.35600000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.35030001401901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171752962","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q255166","display_name":"Kullback\u2013Leibler divergence","level":2,"score":0.3456000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183365957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17140402","display_name":"Remote sensing application","level":3,"score":0.337799996137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3343999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.32839998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.30230000615119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159078339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959005","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","level":2,"score":0.29010000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203595873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25389927","display_name":"Change detection","level":2,"score":0.2847000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.26570001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159620131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.25940001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.2572999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61224824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2260434","display_name":"Mixture model","level":2,"score":0.2549999952316284}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2025.3636153","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2025.3636153","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W2962749812","https://openalex.org/W2963351448","https://openalex.org/W2964979676","https://openalex.org/W2982770724","https://openalex.org/W3035396860","https://openalex.org/W3136761610","https://openalex.org/W3174873843","https://openalex.org/W3203608457","https://openalex.org/W4283800076","https://openalex.org/W4313172897","https://openalex.org/W4319450743","https://openalex.org/W4391936121"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Remote":[0],"sensing":[1],"object":[2,35,178],"detection":[3,36,179],"faces":[4],"several":[5],"critical":[6],"challenges,":[7],"including":[8],"1)":[9],"arbitrary":[10,168],"orientations,":[11],"2)":[12],"objects":[13,166],"with":[14,102,167],"high":[15],"aspect":[16,83],"ratios,":[17],"and":[18,42,71,111,128,139,146,170,182,187],"3)":[19],"a":[20,32,40,53,92,117],"large":[21],"number":[22],"of":[23,135,164,189],"tiny":[24,165],"objects.":[25],"To":[26,85],"address":[27],"these":[28],"issues,":[29],"we":[30,51,90,115],"propose":[31],"novel":[33],"arbitrary-oriented":[34],"framework":[37],"based":[38],"on":[39,174],"Divergence-aware":[41],"Ranking":[43],"cost-based":[44],"Label":[45],"Assignment":[46],"strategy,":[47],"namely":[48],"DRLA-Net.":[49],"Specifically,":[50],"design":[52],"coarse-to-fine":[54],"label":[55],"assignment":[56],"strategy":[57,151],"(DRLA)":[58],"that":[59,121],"models":[60],"rotated":[61,177],"bounding":[62],"boxes":[63],"as":[64],"2D":[65],"Gaussian":[66,129],"distributions":[67],"to":[68,78],"preserve":[69],"spatial":[70,126],"directional":[72],"consistency,":[73],"while":[74],"incorporating":[75],"scale-aware":[76],"analysis":[77],"improve":[79],"robustness":[80],"against":[81],"extreme":[82],"ratios.":[84],"further":[86],"enhance":[87],"distributional":[88],"alignment,":[89,127],"introduce":[91],"divergence-aware":[93],"similarity":[94],"loss":[95],"by":[96],"integrating":[97],"the":[98,103,141,155,162,185,190],"Kullback\u2013Leibler":[99],"Divergence":[100,106],"(KLD)":[101],"Generalized":[104],"Jensen\u2013Shannon":[105],"(GJSD),":[107],"achieving":[108],"more":[109],"stable":[110],"symmetric":[112],"optimization.":[113],"Furthermore,":[114],"formulate":[116],"unified":[118],"ranking":[119],"cost":[120],"jointly":[122],"considers":[123],"semantic":[124],"confidence,":[125],"similarity,":[130],"thereby":[131],"enabling":[132],"dynamic":[133],"selection":[134],"high-quality":[136],"positive":[137],"samples":[138],"alleviating":[140],"conflict":[142],"between":[143],"classification":[144],"confidence":[145],"localization":[147,163],"quality.":[148],"The":[149],"proposed":[150,191],"is":[152],"applied":[153],"across":[154],"feature":[156],"pyramid":[157],"network,":[158],"which":[159],"significantly":[160],"improves":[161],"shapes":[169],"orientations.":[171],"Extensive":[172],"experiments":[173],"two":[175],"large-scale":[176],"datasets,":[180],"DIOR-R":[181],"DOTA-v2.0,":[183],"demonstrate":[184],"effectiveness":[186],"superiority":[188],"method.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-07T16:01:11.037858","created_date":"2025-11-25T00:00:00"}