{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413371196","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2025.3596542","title":"A Tone-Based Flicker Noise Mitigation Technique for Broadband Digital Microwave Radiometers","display_name":"A Tone-Based Flicker Noise Mitigation Technique for Broadband Digital Microwave Radiometers","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413371196","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2025.3596542"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2025.3596542","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2025.3596542","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013409350","display_name":"Omkar Pradhan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9599-9491"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Omkar Pradhan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9599-9491","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ahmed Soliman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9335-1326"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Soliman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9335-1326","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050546651","display_name":"Alan Tanner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7829-8511"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alan B. Tanner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7829-8511","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075885742","display_name":"Akim A. Babenko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5552-4771"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akim Babenko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5552-4771","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112228194","display_name":"Pekka Kangaslahti","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pekka Kangaslahti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032985552","display_name":"Shannon Brown","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7566-8537"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shannon T. Brown","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7566-8537","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013409350"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.27119005,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12019","display_name":"Calibration and Measurement Techniques","score":0.9458000063896179,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12019","display_name":"Calibration and Measurement Techniques","score":0.9458000063896179,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.9187999963760376,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11757","display_name":"Seismic Waves and Analysis","score":0.9125999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperspectral-imaging","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","score":0.7879586219787598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5771076679229736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flicker","display_name":"Flicker","score":0.5710283517837524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiometer","display_name":"Radiometer","score":0.5315748453140259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tone","display_name":"Tone (literature)","score":0.519654393196106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5113305449485779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.49403244256973267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiometry","display_name":"Radiometry","score":0.4413861334323883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.25909143686294556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.14113277196884155}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159078339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959005","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","level":2,"score":0.7879586219787598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5771076679229736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19743564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25378119","display_name":"Flicker","level":2,"score":0.5710283517837524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120189094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850281","display_name":"Radiometer","level":2,"score":0.5315748453140259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780583480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1366327","display_name":"Tone (literature)","level":2,"score":0.519654393196106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5113305449485779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.49403244256973267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87456703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q247760","display_name":"Radiometry","level":2,"score":0.4413861334323883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.25909143686294556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.14113277196884155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2025.3596542","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2025.3596542","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8100000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332181","display_name":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/02z5nhe81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1984966468","https://openalex.org/W2013626055","https://openalex.org/W2016519319","https://openalex.org/W2045312477","https://openalex.org/W2072131543","https://openalex.org/W2088860967","https://openalex.org/W2107678849","https://openalex.org/W2112686790","https://openalex.org/W2156334161","https://openalex.org/W2159012223","https://openalex.org/W2166272290","https://openalex.org/W3097414511","https://openalex.org/W4236850384","https://openalex.org/W4240980180","https://openalex.org/W4391097228","https://openalex.org/W4402258997","https://openalex.org/W4402265561"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2072166414","https://openalex.org/W3209970181","https://openalex.org/W2060875994","https://openalex.org/W3034375524","https://openalex.org/W4230131218","https://openalex.org/W2511456285","https://openalex.org/W4286279395","https://openalex.org/W4251278052","https://openalex.org/W2340112247","https://openalex.org/W751870123"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"High":[0],"frequency":[1,80,141],"microwave":[2],"and":[3,29,55,83,147,181,186],"millimeter":[4],"radiometers":[5,96],"with":[6,97],"low":[7],"noise":[8,21,45,72,115,176],"amplifier":[9],"front-ends":[10],"commonly":[11,33],"suffer":[12],"from":[13],"gain":[14],"instability,":[15],"or":[16,130],"so-called":[17],"\u201cflicker\u201d":[18],"noise.":[19,40],"This":[20,90],"has":[22],"a":[23,47,68,76,103,155,166],"1/<italic":[24,37,69,173],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[25,38,70,174],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">f":[26],"</i>energy":[27],"spectrum":[28,110],"hence":[30],"is":[31,50,124],"also":[32],"referred":[34],"to":[35,51,114,152,169,184],"as":[36,61],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">f</i>":[39,71,175],"The":[41],"effect":[42],"of":[43,78,106,120,138],"this":[44,64,122,160,179],"on":[46],"passive":[48],"instrument":[49],"degrade":[52],"its":[53],"sensitivity":[54],"introduce":[56],"post-processing":[57],"calibration":[58],"errors":[59],"such":[60,154],"\u2018striping\u2019.":[62],"In":[63],"paper":[65],"we":[66],"present":[67],"mitigation":[73],"technique":[74,91,123,156,180],"using":[75,178],"combination":[77],"single":[79],"tone":[81],"injection":[82],"high":[84],"spectral":[85,136],"resolution":[86],"digital":[87],"signal":[88,109,148],"detection.":[89],"can":[92,111],"be":[93,112],"used":[94],"in":[95,159,172],"sufficient":[98],"information":[99],"redundancy":[100],"so":[101],"that":[102],"limited":[104],"portion":[105],"the":[107,139],"detected":[108],"dedicated":[113],"mitigation.":[116],"A":[117,143],"key":[118],"requirement":[119],"implementing":[121],"application":[125],"specific":[126],"integrated":[127],"circuit":[128],"(ASIC)":[129],"field":[131],"programmable":[132],"gate":[133],"array":[134],"(FPGA)-based":[135],"decomposition":[137],"radio":[140],"energy.":[142],"proof-of-concept":[144],"hardware":[145],"setup":[146],"processing":[149],"steps":[150],"required":[151],"implement":[153],"are":[157,182],"presented":[158,163],"paper.":[161],"Measurements":[162],"here":[164],"show":[165],"reduction":[167],"up":[168],"87":[170],"%":[171],"energy":[177],"applicable":[183],"airborne":[185],"ground-based":[187],"instruments.":[188]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-08-21T00:00:00"}
