{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411405212","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2025.3580577","title":"Toward Point Cloud Density Consistency in Mobile Laser Scanning: A Mathematical Modeling and Correction Method","display_name":"Toward Point Cloud Density Consistency in Mobile Laser Scanning: A Mathematical Modeling and Correction Method","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411405212","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2025.3580577"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2025.3580577","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2025.3580577","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044922023","display_name":"Kai Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8158-0008"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Institute of Eco-Chongming, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","Institute of Eco-Chongming, State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8158-0008","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Institute of Eco-Chongming, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Eco-Chongming, State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100748676","display_name":"Shu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5873-634X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Institute of Eco-Chongming, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","Institute of Eco-Chongming, State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Institute of Eco-Chongming, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Eco-Chongming, State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100320517","display_name":"Shuai Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-0506"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuai Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-0506","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.11255619,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":0.9739999771118164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":0.9365000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-cloud","display_name":"Point cloud","score":0.6281141042709351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5908856987953186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.5627113580703735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser-scanning","display_name":"Laser scanning","score":0.5250339508056641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.4737946689128876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.4631466567516327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser","display_name":"Laser","score":0.3061474859714508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.2694607675075531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2402110993862152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.18860256671905518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.17982938885688782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.13180837035179138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.09441977739334106}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131979681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1899648","display_name":"Point cloud","level":2,"score":0.6281141042709351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5908856987953186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.5627113580703735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141349535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361664","display_name":"Laser scanning","level":3,"score":0.5250339508056641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.4737946689128876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4631466567516327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.3061474859714508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.2694607675075531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2402110993862152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.18860256671905518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.17982938885688782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.13180837035179138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.09441977739334106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2025.3580577","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2025.3580577","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.4099999964237213,"display_name":"Climate action"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2758364829","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42471473","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3399413954","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42171425","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6235488541","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"22ZR1420900","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321885","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321885","display_name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality","ror":"https://ror.org/03kt66j61"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2094636757","https://openalex.org/W2598228637","https://openalex.org/W3015072278","https://openalex.org/W3123954741","https://openalex.org/W3134108842","https://openalex.org/W4318830344","https://openalex.org/W4323767079","https://openalex.org/W4385422845","https://openalex.org/W4392351523","https://openalex.org/W4402399404","https://openalex.org/W4403108064","https://openalex.org/W4405779151"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2088131065","https://openalex.org/W2005998065","https://openalex.org/W2001220299","https://openalex.org/W4323518558","https://openalex.org/W3196715007","https://openalex.org/W2366440988","https://openalex.org/W4399030596","https://openalex.org/W2358582870","https://openalex.org/W4293059742","https://openalex.org/W2082802685"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Mobile":[0],"laser":[1],"scanning":[2,47,82],"(MLS)":[3],"systems":[4],"enable":[5],"rapid":[6],"acquisition":[7],"of":[8,25,46,98,145,178,207],"high-definition":[9],"3D":[10],"point":[11,26,116,139,208],"clouds":[12,209],"for":[13,137],"urban":[14],"digitization,":[15],"topographic":[16],"mapping,":[17],"and":[18,33,51,91,129,154,191,202],"infrastructure":[19],"inspection.":[20],"Despite":[21],"the":[22,43,76,95,99,104,113,158,175],"critical":[23],"role":[24],"cloud":[27,117],"density":[28,73,79,118,135,176],"in":[29,59,164,174,197],"quantifying":[30],"data":[31,200],"fidelity":[32],"object":[34],"discriminability,":[35],"its":[36],"inherent":[37],"spatiotemporal":[38],"variability":[39],"\u2014":[40,54],"arising":[41],"from":[42],"nonlinear":[44],"interplay":[45],"geometry,":[48],"platform":[49,86],"dynamics,":[50],"surface":[52],"topology":[53],"has":[55],"remained":[56],"inadequately":[57],"addressed":[58],"current":[60],"metrological":[61],"frameworks.":[62],"This":[63],"study":[64],"establishes":[65],"a":[66,132],"rigorous":[67],"mathematical":[68],"model":[69],"that":[70,140,157],"quantifies":[71],"MLS":[72,115,199],"variations":[74],"through":[75],"interdependent":[77],"variables:":[78],"search":[80],"radius,":[81],"distance,":[83],"angular":[84],"resolution,":[85],"velocity,":[87],"pulse":[88],"repetition":[89],"frequency,":[90],"three":[92],"angles":[93],"defining":[94],"spatial":[96,204],"orientation":[97],"local":[100],"infinitesimal":[101],"plane":[102],"at":[103],"target":[105,146],"point.":[106],"Building":[107],"upon":[108],"this":[109],"formulation,":[110],"we":[111],"propose":[112],"first":[114],"correction":[119,167],"method":[120,160,185],"to":[121,130],"mitigate":[122],"heterogeneity":[123],"caused":[124],"by":[125],"varying":[126],"influencing":[127],"factors":[128],"derive":[131],"new":[133],"corrected":[134],"value":[136,196],"each":[138],"serves":[141],"as":[142],"an":[143,170],"indicator":[144],"geometry":[147],"attribute.":[148],"Experiments":[149],"conducted":[150],"across":[151],"different":[152],"platforms":[153],"environments":[155],"demonstrate":[156],"proposed":[159,184],"effectively":[161],"eliminates":[162],"inhomogeneity":[163],"density.":[165],"The":[166,183],"procedure":[168],"achieves":[169],"average":[171],"61%":[172],"decrease":[173],"coefficient":[177],"variation":[179],"over":[180],"homogeneous":[181],"surfaces.":[182],"exhibits":[186],"strong":[187],"performance":[188],"regarding":[189],"feasibility":[190],"generality,":[192],"offering":[193],"significant":[194],"application":[195],"enhancing":[198],"interpretation":[201],"understanding":[203],"distribution":[205],"patterns":[206],"under":[210],"various":[211],"circumstances.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-06-19T00:00:00"}
