{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401210343","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2024.3436920","title":"Ensemble of Pruned Bagged Mixture Density Networks for Improved Water Quality Retrieval Using Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 Remote Sensing Data","display_name":"Ensemble of Pruned Bagged Mixture Density Networks for Improved Water Quality Retrieval Using Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 Remote Sensing Data","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401210343","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2024.3436920"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2024.3436920","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2024.3436920","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090178498","display_name":"Alireza Taheri Dehkordi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2588-5429"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","display_name":"Lund University","ror":"https://ror.org/012a77v79","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alireza Taheri Dehkordi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Building and Environmental Technology, Faculty of Engineering (LTH), Division of Water Resources Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2588-5429","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Building and Environmental Technology, Faculty of Engineering (LTH), Division of Water Resources Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089457961","display_name":"Hossein Hashemi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2160-1772"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","display_name":"Lund University","ror":"https://ror.org/012a77v79","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hossein Hashemi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Building and Environmental Technology, Faculty of Engineering (LTH), and the Centre for Advanced Middle Eastern Studies (CMES), Division of Water Resources Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2160-1772","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Building and Environmental Technology, Faculty of Engineering (LTH), and the Centre for Advanced Middle Eastern Studies (CMES), Division of Water Resources Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013325878","display_name":"Seyed Amir Naghibi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1449-8933"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","display_name":"Lund University","ror":"https://ror.org/012a77v79","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amir Naghibi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Building and Environmental Technology, Faculty of Engineering (LTH), and the Centre for Advanced Middle Eastern Studies (CMES), Division of Water Resources Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1449-8933","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Building and Environmental Technology, Faculty of Engineering (LTH), and the Centre for Advanced Middle Eastern Studies (CMES), Division of Water Resources Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080259262","display_name":"Ali Mehran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4187-5669"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51504820","display_name":"San Jose State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qyvz380","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51504820"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Mehran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4187-5669","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51504820"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6287,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8143495,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12697","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring Technologies","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12697","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring Technologies","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9781000018119812,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9753000140190125,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6692805886268616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5304925441741943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.3670278787612915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.12064030766487122}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6692805886268616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5304925441741943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3670278787612915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.12064030766487122}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2024.3436920","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2024.3436920","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lup.lub.lu.se:07cd1373-5ef8-4eb0-8395-1d0fdfefc764","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/07cd1373-5ef8-4eb0-8395-1d0fdfefc764","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400536","display_name":"Lund University Publications (Lund University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","host_organization_name":"Lund University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN: 1545-598X","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":0.7200000286102295,"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1564719664","https://openalex.org/W1985479415","https://openalex.org/W2105900206","https://openalex.org/W2597944323","https://openalex.org/W2725897987","https://openalex.org/W2901432546","https://openalex.org/W3004942926","https://openalex.org/W3010720430","https://openalex.org/W3036027615","https://openalex.org/W3149839747","https://openalex.org/W3198588536","https://openalex.org/W3208625163","https://openalex.org/W4210800473","https://openalex.org/W4212883601","https://openalex.org/W4224220357","https://openalex.org/W4281553671","https://openalex.org/W4292387192","https://openalex.org/W4293526428","https://openalex.org/W4308518061","https://openalex.org/W4362633618","https://openalex.org/W4385491329","https://openalex.org/W4391661497"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W4395014643"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Remote":[0],"sensing":[1],"(RS)":[2],"data":[3,30,158],"provide":[4],"large-scale":[5],"observations":[6],"to":[7,35,130,167,196],"measure":[8],"water":[9,161],"quality":[10],"parameters":[11,26],"(WQPs)":[12],"like":[13],"turbidity":[14],"(Turb),":[15],"which":[16,76],"indicates":[17],"the":[18,21,39,47,58,68,83,136,169,197,234],"haziness":[19],"of":[20,41,45,70,86,114,135,148,171,187,202,236],"water.":[22],"Accurately":[23],"estimating":[24],"these":[25],"solely":[27],"from":[28],"RS":[29,51,157,239],"is":[31,67],"inherently":[32],"complex":[33,79],"due":[34],"various":[36],"factors,":[37],"necessitating":[38],"use":[40,69],"advanced":[42],"models":[43,80,120,138,225],"capable":[44],"capturing":[46],"intricate":[48],"relationships":[49],"between":[50],"spectral":[52],"bands":[53],"as":[54,61,97],"an":[55,62,132],"input":[56],"and":[57,150,154,191,206,226],"target":[59],"parameter":[60],"output.":[63],"One":[64],"promising":[65],"approach":[66],"ensemble":[71,141],"machine":[72],"learning":[73],"(ML)":[74],"models,":[75],"construct":[77],"more":[78],"by":[81],"leveraging":[82],"complementary":[84],"strengths":[85],"multiple":[87],"base":[88,115,137],"models.":[89],"In":[90],"this":[91],"letter,":[92],"a":[93,108,112,124],"novel":[94],"method":[95],"known":[96],"pruned":[98],"bagged":[99],"mixture":[100,116],"density":[101,117],"network":[102,118],"(PBMDN)":[103],"was":[104,121,128],"proposed.":[105],"First,":[106],"using":[107,238],"bootstrap-based":[109],"bagging":[110],"approach,":[111],"pool":[113],"(MDN)":[119],"generated.":[122],"Then,":[123],"forward":[125],"pruning":[126],"scheme":[127],"utilized":[129],"find":[131],"optimal":[133],"subset":[134],"for":[139,159,189,193,204,208],"final":[140],"aggregation.":[142],"The":[143],"coincident":[144],"in":[145,163,233],"situ":[146],"measurements":[147],"Turb":[149,219],"multispectral":[151],"Sentinel-2":[152],"(S2)":[153],"Landsat-8":[155],"(L8)":[156],"three":[160],"bodies":[162],"USA":[164],"were":[165],"used":[166,218],"evaluate":[168],"performance":[170],"PBMDN.":[172],"Results":[173],"showed":[174],"that":[175],"PBMDN":[176,210],"could":[177],"achieve":[178],"lower":[179],"estimation":[180,220,235],"errors":[181],"[mean":[182],"absolute":[183],"percentage":[184],"error":[185],"(MAPE)":[186],"25.25%":[188],"S2":[190,205],"35.71%":[192],"L8]":[194],"compared":[195],"single":[198],"MDN":[199],"model":[200],"(MAPE":[201],"40.53%":[203],"47.92%":[207],"L8).":[209],"also":[211],"performed":[212],"significantly":[213],"better":[214],"than":[215],"other":[216,223],"widely":[217],"techniques,":[221],"including":[222],"ML":[224],"semi-empirical":[227],"algorithms,":[228],"indicating":[229],"its":[230],"strong":[231],"potential":[232],"WQPs":[237],"data.":[240]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
