{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392174043","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2024.3369684","title":"Multistatic UAV SAR Joint Synchronization Based on Multiple Direct Wave Pulses Exchange","display_name":"Multistatic UAV SAR Joint Synchronization Based on Multiple Direct Wave Pulses Exchange","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392174043","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2024.3369684"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2024.3369684","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2024.3369684","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026326765","display_name":"Linghao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6415-1519"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Linghao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radar Research Laboratory, School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","School of Information and Electronics, Radar Research Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6415-1519","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radar Research Laboratory, School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, Radar Research Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103205656","display_name":"Junjie Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7918-3801"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junjie Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radar Research Laboratory, School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","School of Information and Electronics, Radar Research Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7918-3801","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radar Research Laboratory, School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, Radar Research Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070255598","display_name":"Yu\u2010Xiang Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8167-7141"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radar Research Laboratory, School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","School of Information and Electronics, Radar Research Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radar Research Laboratory, School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, Radar Research Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101800679","display_name":"Zhen Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8025-4398"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhen Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radar Research Laboratory, School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","School of Information and Electronics, Radar Research Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8025-4398","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radar Research Laboratory, School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, Radar Research Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100452589","display_name":"Han Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4469-2606"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Han Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radar Research Laboratory, School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","School of Information and Electronics, Radar Research Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4469-2606","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radar Research Laboratory, School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, Radar Research Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065430171","display_name":"Yan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2540-5824"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radar Research Laboratory, School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","School of Information and Electronics, Radar Research Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2540-5824","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radar Research Laboratory, School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, Radar Research Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006501128","display_name":"Zegang Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2967-4936"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zegang Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radar Research Laboratory, School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","School of Information and Electronics, Radar Research Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2967-4936","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radar Research Laboratory, School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, Radar Research Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5026326765"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.0983,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93358769,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9876000285148621,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.7262011170387268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6780222058296204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.6597149968147278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-synchronization","display_name":"Time synchronization","score":0.5707827806472778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.5587803721427917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.49784255027770996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3943212032318115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.25868335366249084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2464166283607483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.1798216700553894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11228394508361816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.08261808753013611}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.7262011170387268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6780222058296204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.6597149968147278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986737936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058791","display_name":"Time synchronization","level":2,"score":0.5707827806472778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.5587803721427917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.49784255027770996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3943212032318115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.25868335366249084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2464166283607483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.1798216700553894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11228394508361816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.08261808753013611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2024.3369684","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2024.3369684","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.800000011920929,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1702133230","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62331007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2841714454","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62227901","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4789149766","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62271053","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6122380193","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022M720444","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335443","funder_display_name":"Postdoctoral Research Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6996062878","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61931002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7925538519","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62301050","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335443","display_name":"Postdoctoral Research Foundation of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975162920","https://openalex.org/W2051125114","https://openalex.org/W2121905501","https://openalex.org/W2133665494","https://openalex.org/W2964172857","https://openalex.org/W2983140237","https://openalex.org/W4312321211","https://openalex.org/W6607711028"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2885105415","https://openalex.org/W2166939931","https://openalex.org/W2548702785","https://openalex.org/W4231087120","https://openalex.org/W2322793796","https://openalex.org/W1631301428","https://openalex.org/W2361721963","https://openalex.org/W1566366401","https://openalex.org/W2791809871","https://openalex.org/W2031096545"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multistatic":[0],"unmanned":[1],"aerial":[2],"vehicle":[3],"synthetic":[4],"aperture":[5],"radar":[6],"(MUAV-SAR)":[7],"three-dimensional":[8],"(3-D)":[9],"imaging":[10],"system":[11,45],"suffers":[12],"from":[13,93,154],"the":[14,33,68,74,79,86,98,105,111,115,122,136,167,170],"time":[15,123],"and":[16,37,72,97,124],"phase":[17,35,81,125],"synchronization":[18,30,41,55,75,116,156],"errors":[19],"among":[20],"multiple":[21,44,59,155],"stations.":[22],"The":[23],"classical":[24],"two-way":[25],"direct":[26,60,94,151],"wave":[27,61,95,152],"pulse":[28],"exchange":[29,63],"method":[31,56,138],"introduces":[32],"\u03c0-ambiguity":[34,69,80,106],"error":[36,82,126],"causes":[38],"limited":[39],"time-phase":[40],"accuracy":[42,76,117],"with":[43],"nodes,":[46],"leading":[47],"to":[48,66,129,145],"3-D":[49],"images":[50],"defocusing.":[51],"An":[52],"MUAV-SAR":[53],"joint":[54],"based":[57],"on":[58],"pulses":[62,96,153],"is":[64,83,118],"proposed":[65,171],"solve":[67],"problem":[70],"robustly":[71],"improve":[73],"significantly.":[77],"Firstly,":[78],"estimated":[84,100],"through":[85,110],"comparative":[87],"calculation":[88],"of":[89,104,135,150,169],"delay-phase":[90],"information":[91,143,149],"extracted":[92],"high":[99],"success":[101],"probability":[102],"(99.73%)":[103],"can":[107],"be":[108],"achieved":[109],"noise":[112],"smoothing.":[113],"Secondly,":[114],"improved,":[119],"that":[120],"is,":[121],"are":[127],"reduced":[128],"about":[130],"\u221a2/":[131],"<italic":[132],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[133],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">N</i>":[134],"existing":[137],"by":[139],"utilizing":[140],"N":[141],"stations":[142],"fusion":[144],"jointly":[146],"process":[147],"redundant":[148],"links.":[157],"Finally,":[158],"a":[159],"four-station":[160],"UAV":[161],"SAR":[162],"real":[163],"data":[164],"experiment":[165],"verifies":[166],"effectiveness":[168],"approach.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
